淮安市中老年农村居民图片记忆能力及相关因素

背景人的记忆与认知功能显著相关,认知功能的下降往往首先表现为记忆能力的下降.农村人口的记忆能力如何?目的分析淮安市50岁以上农村居民图片记忆的影响因素.单位南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院老年科,复旦大学附属华山医院神经内科.对象调查样本来源于2003-03/2004-02南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院老年科住院好转将出院的农村患者(n=50)、患者家属(n=11)以及淮阴区丁集乡宗楼村的健康老人(n=55),年龄均＞50岁.方法采用问卷调查的方法,对所有样本进行简易智能状态检查、听觉词语学习测验、图片学习测验及多种非记忆测验.按照文化程度的不同将调查对象分为文盲组、小学组、初中及以上文化组,比较图片记忆能力与性别、年龄、教育程度和简易智能状态检查的相关性,以及图片记忆各指标的内部相关性.主要观察指标淮安市农村居民,图片记忆各指标与年龄、性别、教育程度、简易智能状态检查相关性,图片记忆各指标内部相关性.结果按实际完成处理,纳入结果分析的样本量为103例.①图片记忆各指标与年龄、性别、教育程度、简易智能状态检查相关性图片记忆各指标中除图片再认外与简易智能状态检查及教育程度均呈显著正相关(r=0.197～0.533,P＜0.05～0.01),其中即刻记忆与简易智能状态检查相关性最大(r=0.533).图片延时记忆、图片再认及顺序记忆4(延时回忆中后4个图片回忆的数目)与年龄呈负相关(r=-0.194～-0.324,P＜0.05～0.01),其中顺序记忆4与年龄相关性最大(r=0.324),其余图片记忆指标与年龄不相关;图片记忆各指标与性别均无相关性.图片再认与教育程度1(教育年限0～11年)、2(文化程度为文盲、小学、初中及以上文化)及简易智能状态检查均不相关.②图片记忆各指标内部相关性除图片再认与顺序记忆2(即刻记忆中后4个图片回忆的数目)不相关、顺序记忆1(即刻记忆中前4个图片回忆的数目)与顺序记忆2,4不相关及顺序记忆3与顺序记忆4不相关性外,其余图片记忆各指标间均有显著相关性(r=0.206～0.855,P＜0.05～0.01).其中图片延时回忆与概念记忆2相关性最大(r=0.855).结论淮安市中老年农村居民图片记忆能力与性别无关,与年龄、教育程度、智能水平有关.

Picture memory ability and related factors of the middle-aged and elderly population in Huaian city

BACKGROUND:Human memory is significantly correlated with recognition. When recognition begins to decrease, a decrease in memory appears first. How about the memory of rural population?OBJECTIVE:To investigate the picture memory related factors of the rural households who are over 50 years old.SETTING:Department of Geriatrics,Huaian First Hospital,Nanjing Medical University;Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital,Fudan University.PARTICIPANTS:Totally 50 rural inpatients at the Department of Geriatrics,Huaian First Hospital Nanjing Medical University,who would be recovered and out of charge,were selected from March 2003 to February2004. Meanwhile, 11 relatives of the patients and 55 healthy elderly people from Dingji Town,Huaiyin District, were also included.All the participants were over 50 years old.METHODS:Employing questionnaire,mini-mental state examination,auditory-verbal learning test (AVLT), pictorial learning test and many nonmemory tests were performed. According to the levels of education,participants were divided into illiterate group,primary school group,junior middle school group and higher than junior middle school group.The correlation of picture memory ability with sex,age,educational level and simple intelligence test was compared. And the interactions among variables of picture memory were also investigated.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The relationships between the variablesof picture memory and age, sex, educational level and simple intelligence of rural households in Huaian city were calculated. And the interactions among these variables were all investigated.RESULTS:Practically, 103 participants entered the statistical analysis proage,sex,educational level and simple intelligence:Except for recurring figures, all the other variables of picture memory had positive correlations with simple intelligence and educational level (r=0.197-0.533, P ＜ 0.05-0.01).Among them, immediate memory showed the closest correlation with simple intelligence (r=0.533).Delayed recall memory of pictures, recurring figures,and serial memory 4 (the number of recalled pictures in the last 4 pictures in delayed recall test) had negative correlation with age (r=-0.194 to -0.324,P ＜ 0.05-0.01),among them, serial memory of 4 pictures had the closest correlation with age (r=-0.324),while, all the other variables were not related to age. All the variables of picture memory were not linked to sex. Recurring pictures was not linked to educational level 1 (period of education:0-11 years),2 (education level: illiterate, primary school, junior middle interactions among these variables:Recurring figures was not linked to serial memory 2 (the number of recalled pictures in the last 4 pictures in immediate memory test),serial memory 1 (the number of recalled pictures in the first4 pictures in immediate memory test) was not related to serial memory 2 and serial memory 4.Except for these cases, variables of picture memory had significant correlations with each other (r =0.206-0.855 ,P ＜ 0.05-0.01),and delayed recall memory of pictures had the closest relationship with conceptual memory 2 (r=0.855).CONCLUSION:Picture memory capacity of middle aged and elderly rural households is not linked to sex, while it is correlated with age,educational level and intelligence.