肾病综合征儿童气质分析及护理

目的]了解3岁~7岁肾病综合征儿童的气质类型特点,探讨其影响因素及护理对策。方法]选择64例肾病综合征儿童,采用纽约纵向研究（NYLS）3岁~7岁儿童气质问卷和自制一般人口学调查问卷进行调查测试,并按1∶1配比健康儿童为对照组。结果]与健康儿童比较,肾病综合征儿童气质类型中难养型、中间型明显较多,分别占45.3%和54.7%,主要表现在活动水平、节律性、趋避性、适应性、反应强度、注意分散度、反应阈7个维度,Logistic回归分析显示,父母文化程度、发病持续时间、激素使用时间和激素使用总量5项是影响因素。结论]肾病综合征儿童的气质类型与健康儿童存在较大差异,医务人员以及父母在关注躯体疾病的同时,应多关注儿童的心理成长,正确教养,使其心理健康发展。

Analysis on temperament of nephrotic syndrome children and nursing strategies for them

Objective： To know about the characteristics of temperament type of nephrotic syndrome＇ （NS） children at 3 to 7 years old, and to probe into the influencing factors and nursing strategies for them. Methods： A total of 72 NS children aged 3 to 7 years old were selected and investigated by filling out NYLS temperament questionnaire for 3 to 7 years old children and self- made common state questionnaire. Another 72 normal children were selected as control group. Results： Compared with control group healthy children, the percentages of both difficult nurturing type and intermediate type among NS children were 45.3 % and 54.7 % respectively, which were more than that of control group. The temperament type of NS children mainly showed in totally 7 dimension including activity level, regularity, phobotaxis, adaptability, intensity of reaction, distraction and reaction threshold. By logistic regression analy- sis, it showed 5 items as influential factors were culture level of parents, dura- tion of illness, duration of glucocorticosteroid applying and the total amount of glucocorticosteroid respectively. Conclusion： There were significant differences in temperament types between NS and normal healthy children. Therefore, both medical staffs and parents should pay attention to psychological development of NS children while taking care of their physical illness so as to make them grow up normally,