缺血性脑梗死与颈动脉斑块及危险因素的研究

目的：探讨脑梗死与颈动脉粥样斑块及危险因素的相关性。材料与方法：对102例经CT、MRI证实的脑梗死患者和43例对照组进行颈动脉颅外段彩色多普勒检查，观察斑块情况，同时检测血压、血脂、血糖等项目。结果：（1）脑梗死组颈动脉斑块的发生率为81．21％，对照组为22．96％，（P〈0．01）。斑块发生部位以颈总动脉最多，尤其是颈总动脉分叉部。（2）年龄、高血压、甘油三酯、载脂蛋白B的升高是缺血性脑梗死颈动脉粥样斑块的危险因素。结论：颈动脉粥样硬化斑块与脑梗死发生有密切关系，年龄、高血压、糖尿病等与粥样硬化斑块形成有关，对颈动脉硬化斑块及其危险因素控制有重要临床意义。利用高频超声可实时检测颈动脉斑块的存在，对脑梗死的预防及预后有很大指导作用。

The Relationship Between Carotid Atherosclerosis Plaque, Risk Factors and Cerebral Infarction

Purpose： To study the reslationship between carotid atherosclerosis plaque, risk factors and cerebral infarction. Materials and Methods： 102 patients with cerebral infarction and 43 patients or health people without cerebral infarction were checked by ultrasonic, simultaneously blood was measured. Compare the difference between position, quantity, quality of carotid atherosclerosis plaque, cerebral infarction risk factors. Results： （1） The positive ratio of carotid atherosclerosis plaque （79.4%） in cerebral infarction group were significantly different fromthat of control group （27.9%） （P 〈 0.01）. The quantity of carotid atherosclerosis plaque is the most in common carotid artery shunt （51.52%）. The patient age （69 ± 8）, the ratio of patient with liigh blood pressure （76.5%）, the quantity of triglyceride （1.94 ± 0.98）, apolipoprotein B （ 1.36 ± 0.2） in cerebral infarction group were significant higher than that of the control group （59 ± 3） years old, 51.2%, 18.6%, 1.49 ±0.61, 0.85 ± 0.2] （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： Carotid atherosclerosis plaque is associated with cerebral infarction. Age, high blood pressure, high quantity of triglycefide, apolipoprotein B were associated with the formation of carotid atherosclerosis plaque, there is a very important clinical significance in the control of carotid atherosclerosis plaque and it＇ s risk factors.