青少年抑郁症相关社会心理因素分析

目的 探讨青少年抑郁症患者人格特征、社会支持、家庭环境与应付方式等社会心理因素的特点,为青少年抑郁症患者实施心理治疗提供依据.方法 采用艾森克人格问卷（EPQ）、社会支持评定量表（SSRS）、家庭环境量表（FES-CV）和应对方式问卷（TCSQ）,对36例青少年抑郁症患者和33例正常青少年进行测评,并对结果进行分析.结果 研究组人格特征的内外向、社会支持、家庭环境的亲密度、情感表达、知识性,娱乐性,应付方式、求助等因子得分显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.而人格特征的神经质、家庭环境的矛盾性,应付方式的自责、退避等因子得分显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 人格特征不稳定、社会支持不足、家庭环境与应付方式不良是青少年抑郁症的关系较为密切.

Analysis on social and psychological factors of adolescent patients with depression

Objective To explore the characteristics of social psychological factors of adolescent depression, like personality, social support, family environment and coping style, and then to provide a basis for the psychological treatment. Methods Participants were 36 outpatients and hospital patients with depression in Anhui Mental Health Center and 33 high school students as control group, who were matched in age, gender and education. All participants were administered the EPQ（ Eysenck personality questionnaire） , SSRS （Social support rating scale） and TCSQ （Coping style questionnaire）, and the parents of participants were administered the FES -CV （Family Environment Scale of Chinese version）. Results Compared to the control group, the scores of E of EPQ, SSRS, intimacy, emotional expression, knowledge, entertainment of FES, solving problem, rationalization and seeking help of coping style in depression group were significantly （ P 〈 0.05 ） lower, and the scores of N of EPQ, contradiction of FES, remorse and retreat of coping style in depression group were significantly （ P 〈 0.05 ） higher. Conclusion The instability of personality characteristic, lacking of social support, unhealthy family environment and coping style are risk factors for the depression of adolescent.