上海市黄浦区成人基本医疗素养及影响因素研究

目的 了解上海市黄浦区成人基本医疗素养水平现状及其影响因素,为制定健康教育和健康促进的政策及开展干预工作提供科学依据.方法 采用分层多阶段随机抽样的方法,在黄浦区10个街道抽取15~69岁常住人口1000人开展问卷调查.结果 2017年黄浦区成人基本医疗素养监测调查共收回有效问卷1000份.居民基本医疗素养水平为10.1%,医疗服务利用和科学就医两个维度的具备率分别为17.2%及11.7%.不同年龄、婚姻状况、受教育程度、职业、经济状况居民的基本医疗素养水平不全相同,50~60岁年龄组、离异及其他、研究生及以上学历、医生、家庭人均月收入在10000~20000元的居民基本医疗素养水平最高.多因素logistic回归分析结果显示:年龄、受教育程度、职业是影响居民基本医疗素养的重要因素.结论 上海市黄浦区成人基本医疗素养水平较低,应大力提升辖区居民的基本医疗素养水平,尤其是针对年轻人、受教育程度低、家庭人均月收入较低的群体,要开展更多的社区活动,着力加强技能培训,创造支持性环境.

Analysis of Status and Influencing Factors of Literacy of Basic Medical Care of Adults in Huangpu District,Shanghai

Objective To understand the status and influencing factors of the basic medical literacy level of adult in Huangpu District,Shanghai,and to provide a scientific basis for the development of health education and health promotion policies and the development of intervention.Methods Using stratified multi-stage random sampling,a questionnaire survey was conducted on 1,000 residents aged 15-69 years old in 10 streets in Huangpu District.Results In 2017,a total of 1,000 valid questionnaires were collected in Huangpu District.The basic medical literacy level of residents was 10.1%,and the levels of medical service utilization and scientific medical treatment were 17.2%and 11.7%respectively.The basic medical literacy levels of residents of different ages,marital status,education level,occupation and economic status were not the same.The residents of the age group of 50-60 years old,divorced and others,graduate students and above,doctors,and families with per capita monthly income of 10,000-20,000 yuan had the highest basic medical maintenance levels.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age,education level and occupation were the important factors influencing the residents’basic medical literacy.Conclusion The level of literacy of basic medical care of the adults was low in Huangpu District.The basic medical literacy level of the residents in the area should be improved,especially for the young people and the people with the low education level and the lower per capita monthly income of the family.More community activities should be carried out,and skills training should be strengthened to create a supportive environment.