曲霉临床和环境分离株基因型和药敏表型分析

目的 探讨临床和环境来源曲霉的基因分型情况以及不同基因型曲霉的药敏结果。方法 采用随机扩增DNA多态性（RAPD）分型方法对45株烟曲霉、59株黄曲霉和30株黑曲霉进行基因分型，采用M38-A方案分析曲霉对抗真菌药物的敏感性。结果 45株烟曲霉产生8种基因型，59株黄曲霉产生12种基因型，30株黑曲霉产生5种基因型。8种基因型烟曲霉对特比萘芬敏感性差异有统计学意义（χ2 = 33.092，P < 0.01），而对其他抗真菌药物敏感性差异无统计学意义。5种基因型黑曲霉对两性霉素B敏感性差异有统计学意义（χ2 = 15.185，P < 0.05），而对其他抗真菌药物敏感性差异无统计学意义。结论 不同型别的烟曲霉和黑曲霉对部分抗真菌药物的敏感性存在差异。

Genotyping and susceptibility testing of Aspergillus species from clinical settings and environmental sources

Objective To investigate the genotype and antifungal susceptibility of AspergiIlus species isolated from clinical settings and environmental sources. Methods Random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was performed to profile the genotypes of 48 Aspergillus fumigatus strains, 59 Aspergillus flavus strains and 30 Aspergillus niger strains isolated from clinical settings and environmental sources. NCCLS M38-A protocol was carried out for antifungal susceptibility testing of these Aspergillus isolates. Results As RAPD analysis showed, the 48 Aspergillus fumigatus strains were classified into 8 genotypes, 59 Aspergillus flavus strains into 12 genotypes, and 30 Aspergillus niger strains into 5 genotypes. A significant difference was observed in the susceptibility to terbinafine among the 8 genotypes of Aspergillus fumigatus (χ2 = 33.092, P ＜0.01 ) as well as in that to amphotericin B among the 5 genotypes of Aspergillus niger (χ2 = 15.185, P＜ 0.05).No statistical difference was found in the susceptibility to amphoteriein B, itraconazole, fluconazole or flucytosine among the 8 genotypes of Aspergillus fumigatus or in that to terbinafine, itraconazole, fluconazole or flucytosine among the 5 genotypes of Aspergillus niger. Conclusion There is some difference in the susceptibility to some antifungal agents between different genotypes of Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger.