几种呼吸道合胞病毒检测方法的比较

目的比较不同从临床样本中快速、敏感特异的检测呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）的方法,以便早期诊断RSV感染。方法应用不同方法对45例急性下呼吸道感染患儿鼻咽分泌物RSV进行检测,包括病毒分离、直接涂片间接免疫荧光法（IFA）、快速细胞培养法、双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）及链亲和素-生物素法（LSAB）。结果鼻咽分泌物45例中,病毒分离阳性12例（26.7%）,直接涂片间接免疫荧光法检测出阳性14例（31.1%）,快速细胞培养法阳性20例（44.4%）。双抗体夹心ELISA及LSAB法均仅检出4例阳性,阳性率均为8.9%。结论将直接涂片间接免疫荧光法与快速细胞培养法同时应用于RSV感染的早期诊断,既能及时提供检测结果,又能提高诊断的敏感性,是最适合于RSV感染早期诊断的方法。

Comparison of Different Methods Used in Detection of Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Objective To select more rapid,sensitive and specific method in detection of respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)directly from clinical specimens.Methods RSV was detected by virus isolation in tissue culture,direct smears and detection by indirect immunofluorecence assay(IFA),rapid culture assay,sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)as well as labbed streptavidin biotin method(LSAB)from 45 specimens(nasopharyngeal aspirates,NPAs) collected from infants and young children with acute lower respiratory tract infection.Results Of 45 NPAs,12 cases(26.7%) were positive by virus isolation,14 cases(31.1%) were positive for RSV by direct detection of RSV antigen by IFA,20 cases(44.4%) were positive with rapid culture assay,4 cases(8.9%)were positive by sandwich ELISA,4 cases(8.9%)were positive by LSAB.Conclusion Rapid culture assay and direct detection of RSV in NPAs direct smears by IFA are rapid,sensitive method in the diagnosis of RSV infections.