Interleukin‐17 and Toll‐like Receptor 10 genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility to large joint osteoarthritis

Primary osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of a joint disease. It has a polygenic risk inheritance pattern and affects older people. The etiology of this disease is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between polymorphisms in pro‐inflammatory interleukin‐17 (IL17A and IL17F) and anti‐inflammatory Toll‐like Receptor 10 (TLR10) genes with the risk for development of advanced stage hip and knee primary OA in the Croatian population. A total of 500 OA patients and 597 controls were genotyped for IL17A SNP (rs2275913), IL17F SNPs (rs763780 and rs1889570), and TLR10 (rs11096957) genes. The allelic and genotypic frequencies of IL17F SNP (rs763780) showed statistically significant differences in comparisons of controls with hip—but not knee—OA patients. The major allele (T) of rs763780 was associated with the lower risk for developing hip OA (p = 7.9 × 10^?4, OR = 0.45, 95%CI = 0.27–0.74), whereas the minor allele (C) was associated with susceptibility to hip OA (p = 7.9 × 10^?4, OR = 2.24, 95%CI = 1.35–3.72). The genotype T/T was associated with the protection to hip OA (p = 3.9 × 10^?4, OR = 0.41, 95%CI = 0.24–0.70), and, lastly, the genotype T/C was associated with the higher risk to acquiring hip OA (p = 2.6 × 10^?4, OR = 2.50, 95%CI = 1.47–4.25). TLR10 SNP rs11096957 was found significantly associated with predisposition to hip OA (p = 0.04, OR = 1.41, 95%CI = 1.02–1.94) but not knee OA. Our findings suggest that hip OA in Croatian population might have a different genetic risk regarding the IL17 and TLR10 gene locus than knee OA. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1684–1693, 2018.