Spontaneous cervical haematoma resulting from intrathoracic pathology

Spontaneous cervical haematomas are rare occurrences for which a wide variety of aetiologies have been reported. Although the pathogenesis of this condition can be quite diverse, all known cases have emanated from a cervical source. The authors report the first case of a spontaneous cervical haematoma arising from an intrathoracic source. A case review and Medline search from 1962-2003 was carried out. No prior experience with intrathoracic sources for cervical haematomas has previously been reported. Transcervical haematoma evacuation confirmed the intrathoracic origin and a median sternotomy was required to gain control of this haemorrhage. Thoracic sources should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a spontaneous cervical haematoma. Preparations for a combined procedure with a thoracic surgeon can be predicted pre-operatively based on imaging studies.