超声雾化吸入治疗120例小儿肺炎的护理

目的探讨超声雾化吸入治疗小儿肺炎的临床效果及护理方法。方法 120例小儿肺炎患儿按随机数字方法分成观察组和对照组,每组60例。对照组给予常规抗感染、对症治疗及常规护理方法,观察组在上述常规治疗和护理的基础上,给予超声雾化吸入,每日2次,之后对两组患儿的临床资料进行统计分析。结果两组比较,观察组患儿的喘憋、发热、咳嗽、肺部啰音等临床表现恢复时间及住院时间明显缩短,且具有统计学差异（P〈0.05）;对照组患儿的总有效率为68.33%,而观察组患儿的总有效率为93.33%,明显要高于对照组,且具有统计学差异（P〈0.05）;两组患儿均出现了不同程度的静脉刺激反应、胃肠道反应及皮疹等副反应,其中对照组副反应发生率为33.33%,而观察组副反应发生率为8.33%,两者具有统计学差异（P〈0.05）。结论超声雾化吸入配合个性化护理措施干预小儿肺炎可以较快地改善症状和体征,不仅疗效显著,而且不良反应发生率也较低,是防治小儿肺炎最为科学合理的干预措施之一。

Nursing-care for 120 infants with pneumonia treated by supersonic nebulization

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and nursing methods of supersonic nebulization treatment for infants with pneumonia.Methods Totally 120 infants with pneumonia were selected and randomly divided into study group and control group（n=60）.The patients in control group were treated with conventional antibiotics,symptomatic therapy and the traditional nursing-care while those in study group were received supersonic nebulization treatment（twice a day） on the basis of the control measures.The clinical data of the two groups were compared after the nursing intervention.Results The recovery time of wheezing,fever,cough,pulmonary rales and hospital duration in study group were shorter than those in control group（P0.05）.There were significant differences in the total effective rate between control group and study group,68.33% vs.93.33%（P0.05）.Meanwhile,the incidences of side effects（venous stimulus response,gastrointestinal reaction,rash,etc.） in study group were lower than those in control group,8.33% vs.33.33%（P0.05）.ConclusionThe supersonic nebulization treatment combined with individualized nursing-care can rapidly improve the symptoms and signs of infants with pneumonia.It is effective with lower incidences of adverse reactions and it is the most scientific measure for infantile pneumonia.