海南省百岁老年人睡眠质量及其影响因素研究

目的 调查海南省百岁老年人的睡眠质量，探讨影响其睡眠质量的相关因素。方法 2014年6月至2016年6月，采用全样本横断面调查法，对海南省16市（县）百岁老年人进行入户调查，收集一般人口学、主要现患疾病和生活方式等资料，根据匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）量表评定睡眠质量，采用多因素logistic回归模型分析睡眠质量障碍的主要影响因素。结果 纳入研究的730名百岁老年人中225例存在睡眠障碍（30.8%）；PSQI得分（6.44±3.05）分，主要睡眠问题为睡眠效率低（48.5%）、入睡时间长（35.5%）和日间功能障碍（20.6%）。多因素logistic回归模型显示，大小便失禁、心脏病、慢性疼痛是百岁老年人发生睡眠障碍的危险因素；而有午睡习惯和规律饮食是睡眠障碍的保护因素（P<0.05）。结论 海南百岁老年人睡眠质量不佳，对影响睡眠质量的相关因素进行干预可能改善该人群睡眠水平。

Study on sleep quality and related determinants among centenarians in Hainan province

Objective To investigate the sleep quality and related determinants among centenarians in Hainan. Methods A cross-sectional study of centenarians from 16 cities/counties was carried out in Hainan province between June 2014 and June 2016. Data related to demography, chronic diseases and lifestyles of the centenarians were collected. Pittsburg sleep quality index (PSQI) was used to assess the quality of sleep while multivariable logistic Regression model was used to determine the risk factors on the quality of sleep. Results Of the 730 centenarians in this study, 225 suffered from sleep disorders (30.8%). The average score of PSQI was (6.44±3.05), with the top three problems related to sleep as sleep inefficiency (48.5%), sleep latency (35.5%), and daytime dysfuntion (20.6%) among the centenarians. Results from the multivariate logistic analysis showed that incontinence, cardiovascular disease and chronic pain were risk factors, while habitual afternoon nap, and regular diet appeared as protective factors (P<0.05), related to sleep disorder. Conclusions Quality of sleep had been a problem to the centenarians in Hainan. Intervention on risk factors of sleep disorder should be helpful on these centenarians.