早期综合干预对婴儿湿疹发病率的影响研究

目的探讨婴儿湿疹相关危险因素的早期综合干预对其发病率的影响。方法选择有过敏性疾病家族史且脐血IgE〉1IU／ml的高风险婴儿93例，随机分为干预组48例、对照组45例。干预组婴儿从新生儿起，进行饮食、环境、护理等影响因素的综合干预，对照组采用常规护理和健康教育，随访12个月婴儿湿疹的累计发病情况。结果随访至12个月时，干预组婴儿湿疹累计发病7例，发病率14．58％，对照组婴儿湿疹累计发病23例，发病率51．11％，两组婴儿湿疹的发病率差异具有统计学意义。结论饮食、环境、护理的早期干预可以降低高风险婴儿湿疹发病率，是对高风险婴儿发生过敏性疾病的有效初级干预措施。

Influence of early comprehensive intervention on morbidity of infant eczema

Objective To evaluate the influence of early comprehensive intervention on the morbidity of infant eczema （IE）. Methods 93 infants who had a family history of allergic diseases and whose umbilical cord blood IgE 〉1 IU/ML were divided into and intervention group （n=48） and a control group （n=45）. The environment, diet, and nursing care were intervened in the intervention group. The control received routine nursing care and health education. The cumulative incidence of infant eczema was investigated by a 12-month follow-up. Results The incidence of infant eczema was 14.58% （7/48） in the intervention group and was 51.11% （23/45） in the control group, with a statistical difference. Conclusions Early intervention of environment, diet, and nursing care can lower the morbidity of infant eczema and is effective primary intervention for high risk infants with allergic diseases.