Increased plasma nitric oxide, L-arginine, and arginase-1 in cirrhotic patients with progressive renal dysfunction |
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Authors: | Zeid Kayali Jason Herring Pedro Baron Edson Franco Okechukwu Ojogho Jason Smith Gregory Watkins Douglas Smith Victor Lamin Thanh Hoang Rajiv Sharma Meleah Mathahs Lawrance Sowers Kyle E Brown Warren N Schmidt |
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Institution: | Transplantation Institute,;Liver Transplantation Program,;Department of Biochemistry,;Department of Radiology, Division of Interventional Radiology,;Department of Medicine,;Division of Nephrology, Loma Linda University Medical Center and Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California;and;Research Service, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center and University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA |
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Abstract: | Background and Aims: Increased levels of nitric oxide (NO) are hypothesized to contribute to renal dysfunction in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. In this study, we examined whether splanchnic and/or peripheral NO levels and L-arginine (L-Arg) correlate with progressive renal dysfunction in cirrhotics. Methods: Serum NO metabolites (NOx) and L-Arg were measured in: controls ( n = 10); organ donors ( n = 12); compensated cirrhotics ( n = 17), cirrhotics with ascites ( n = 25), refractory ascites ( n = 11) or hepatorenal syndrome type II (HRS) ( n = 11) and chronic renal failure patients ( n = 18). Results: Plasma NOx and L-Arg levels rose progressively with worsening renal function in decompensated cirrhotics. Both NOx and L-Arg levels were highest in patients with HRS ( P < 0.001 and P < 0.025, respectively). While there were no differences in NOx levels related to the site of sampling, L-Arg levels were lowest in hepatic venous blood. There were significant relationships of NOx and L-Arg with Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score and Child–Pugh scores ( P < 0.04 and P < 0.01, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between NOx, L-Arg and HRS. Conclusion: Worsening renal function in decompensated cirrhosis is accompanied by progressive elevation in plasma NOx and L-Arg. These findings support the hypothesis that NO-mediated vasodilation is probably linked with the mechanism of progressive renal failure in decompensated cirrhotics. |
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Keywords: | ascites cirrhosis hepatorenal syndrome L-Arginine nitric oxide refractory ascites renal failure |
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