药物致Q-T间期延长的文献分析

近年来，临床实践有许多药物都会导致Q-T间期延长甚至尖端扭转型室性心律失常（TdP）。本文通过对1979年-2013年国内医药期刊公开报道的药物致Q-T间期延长的个案进行统计和分析，总结了56个病例的一般情况、引起Q-T间期延长的药物、发生时间及转归等，致Q-T间期延长药物中排在前三位的分别为抗心律失常药、抗微生物药、抗组胺药。大部分患者在用药后一个月内出现，停药及对症治疗后好转。临床医师应正确地认识药物致Q-T间期延长发生机制和易感因素，才能保证临床安全有效地使用药物。

Literature Analysis of Drug-induced Q-T Interval Prolongation

Many medications can cause QT prolongation and torsades de pointes ventricular tachycardia （TdP）, which were gradually discovered in recent years. Based on year 1979-2013 domestic medical journals and public report about drug-induced QT prolongation were collected and analyzed. Total of 56 cases were collected and summarized in respect of general condition of patients, drugs involved, occurrence times of ADR, outcomes and so on. The top three classes of drugs causing Q-T interval prolongation are antiarrhythmic drugs, antimicrobials and antihistamines. Most ADRs occurred within one month after treatment. ADRs relieved after drug withdrawal and symptomatic treatment. Physicians should pay more attention to the medications’ mechanisms and risk factors of drug-induced Q-T interval prolongation to ensure medication administration safety.