微柱凝胶法检测Rh血型免疫性抗体的分析

目的：探讨Rh血型免疫性抗体筛查及特异性鉴定在临床输血和新生儿溶血病预防中的意义,观察微柱凝胶法检测Rh血型免疫性抗体的敏感性。方法：应用微柱凝胶法对患者输血前和孕妇产前做Rh血型免疫性抗体筛查,对筛查阳性者进一步做抗体特异性鉴定及效价测定。结果：在9878例患者中检出Rh血型免疫性抗体阳性86例（0.87%）,其中抗D12例（14.0%）,抗E25例（29.1%）,抗C11例（12.8%）,抗c9例（10.5%）,抗e4例（4.7%）,抗Ce7例（8.1%）,抗CE5例（5.8%）,抗CD6例（6.9%）,抗cD3例（3.5%）,抗cE4例（4.7%）。结论：在输血前和产前对拟输血患者和夫妇血型不合的孕妇进行Rh血型免疫性抗体筛查、特异性鉴定及效价测定,对确保输血安全及优生优育有重要的临床意义。

Microcolumn gel assay for identification of antibody of RhD blood groups

Objective：To investigate the significance of unexpected antibody screening and identification of Rh blood groups in clinical transfusion and prevention of neonatal hemolytic disease,and observe the sensitivity of this assay in detection of Rh antibody.Method：The antibodies of Rh blood groups were screened by microcolumn gel assay before blood transfusion and prenatal period,and identification of specificity and titers of the positive antibodies were determined. Result：Eighty-six cases of Rh were detected in a total of 9878 deliveries （0.87%）,including 12 （14%） anti-D,25 （29%） anti-E,11 （12%） anti-C,9 （10.5%） anti-c,4 （3.5%） anti-e,7（8.1%） anti-Ce,5 （5.8%） anti-CE,6 （6.9%） anti-CD,3 （3.5%） anti-cD,and 4 （4.7%） anti-cE. Conclusion：Unexpected antibody screening and identification of Rh blood groups before blood transfusion and prenatal period should be carried out for the patients who preparing transfusion or Rh blood group incompatibility.