Examining the use of different sample types following decomposition to estimate year of death using bomb pulse dating |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, Australia;2. Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory, The Australian National University, Australia;3. School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia;4. Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine/ Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, Australia;1. Wroclaw Medical University Department of Forensic Medicine, 4 J. Mikulicza-Radeckiego Street, Lower Silesia Province, Wroclaw, 50345, Poland;2. Institute of Toxicology Research, 45 Kasztanowa Street, Lower Silesia Province, Borowa, 55093, Poland;1. Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, 273008, India;2. State Medicolegal Expert, State Medicolegal Cell, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226004, India;3. Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 225003, India;4. TBI Hospital, Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, 231001, India;1. Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA;2. Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA;3. Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA;4. DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, USA;1. Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005, India;2. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005, India;3. Department of Anthropology (UGC Centre of Advanced Study), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India;1. Epilepsy Research Center,Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;2. Medical Imaging Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;3. Trauma Research Center, Shahid Rajaee Trauma Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;4. Trauma Research Center, Shahid Rajaee Trauma Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran |
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| Abstract: | When human remains are discovered, confirming the identification of the decedent is the first part of the forensic medical investigation. In cases where the remains are skeletonised or badly decomposed, differential preservation often increases the difficulty of this task. Bomb pulse dating, which directly compares levels of 14 C within human tissues to atmospheric levels, can provide an estimate of the year of death, which may assist in the identification process. This study measured the 14 C content in samples of hair, nail and puparia collected from donors at the Australian Facility for Taphonomic Experimental Research (AFTER). The radiocarbon results demonstrated that the nail samples provided the most accurate year of death estimation, with 91% correctly predicting YOD, closely followed by hair, with a 79% correct prediction rate, with both hair and nails having a lag time of 0–1 years. This is consistent with the time taken for atmospheric CO 2 to enter the food chain, and be taken in by humans. Puparia was found to have the highest levels of 14 C, and was the least consistent with the actual YOD (46% correct). However, predicted YOD ranges were still within 4 years of the actual YOD. Based on the results of this study, hair, nail and puparia should be considered as useful samples to obtain accurate estimates for YOD using bomb pulse dating. |
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| Keywords: | Forensic anthropology Bomb pulse dating Year-of-death Time since death |
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