Development and validation of a fast and automated DNA identification line |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Netherlands Forensic Institute, Division of Biological Traces, Laan van Ypenburg 6, 2497GB The Hague, the Netherlands;2. Netherlands Forensic Institute, Division of Digital and Biometric Traces, Laan van Ypenburg 6, 2497GB The Hague, the Netherlands;1. Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, PR China;2. Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, No. 977 Park Road, Jilin 133002, PR China;1. College of Science & Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide 5042, Australia;2. Forensic Science SA, GPO Box 2790, Adelaide 5000, Australia;1. Graduate School, People''s Public Security University of China, No.1 Muxidi Nanli, Beijing 100038, China;2. National Engineering Laboratory for Forensic Science, Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics of Ministry of Public Security, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, No.17 Muxidi Nanli, Beijing 100038, China;3. CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China;1. Center for Human Identification, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA;2. Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science, USA;1. Forensic Genetics Section, Institute of Forensic Research, Westerplatte 9, 31–033 Kraków, Poland;2. Laboratory of Genetics and Evolutionism, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30–387 Kraków, Poland;1. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai 200063, China;2. Institute of Forensic Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;3. Department of Forensic Science, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China;4. School of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, China;5. School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China |
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| Abstract: | The importance of DNA evidence for gaining investigative leads demands a fast workflow for forensic DNA profiling performed in large volumes. Therefore, we developed software solutions for automated DNA profile analysis, contamination check, major donor inference, DNA database (DDB) comparison and reporting of the conclusions. This represents the Fast DNA IDentification Line (FIDL) and this study describes its development, validation and implementation in criminal casework at the authors’ institute. This first implementation regards single donor profiles and major contributors to mixtures. The validation included testing of the software components on their own and examination of the performance of different DDB search strategies. Furthermore, end-to-end testing was performed under three conditions: (1) testing of scenarios that can occur in DNA casework practice, (2) tests using three months of previous casework data, and (3) testing in a casework production environment in parallel to standard casework practices. The same DNA database candidates were retrieved by this automated line as by the manual workflow. The data flow was correct, results were reproducible and robust, results requiring manual analysis were correctly flagged, and reported results were as expected. Overall, we found FIDL valid for use in casework practice in our institute. The results from FIDL are automatically reported within three working days from receiving the trace sample. This includes the time needed for registration of the case, DNA extraction, quantification, polymerase chain reaction and capillary electrophoresis. FIDL itself takes less than two hours from intake of the raw CE data to reporting. Reported conclusions are one of five options: (1) candidate retrieved from DDB, (2) no candidate retrieved from DDB, (3) high evidential value with regards to reference within the case, (4) results require examination of expert, or (5) insufficient amount of DNA obtained to generate a DNA profile. In our current process, the automated report is sent within three working days and a complete report, with confirmation of the FIDL results, and signed by a reporting officer is sent at a later time. The signed report may include additional analyses regarding e.g. minor contributors. The automated report with first case results is quickly available to the police enabling them to act upon the DNA results prior to receiving the full DNA report. This line enables a uniform and efficient manner of handling large numbers of traces and cases and provides high value investigative leads in the early stages of the investigation. |
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| Keywords: | Forensic science DNA profile DNA database Fast DNA ID line (FIDL) Investigative leads |
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