高频彩色多普勒超声检查对糖尿病患者下肢动脉病变的诊断价值

目的 探讨高频彩色多普勒超声检查对糖尿病患者下肢动脉病变的诊断价值.方法 采用线阵高频探头对102例糖尿病患者（观察组）和98例健康人（对照组）常规行双下肢动脉超声检查,测量下肢动脉（包括股动脉、腘动脉、胫后动脉、胫前动脉和足背动脉）内中膜厚度（IMT）,观察有无斑块、斑块性质,判断管腔狭窄或闭塞程度及进行血流动力学观察.结果 观察组股动脉斑块检出率22％,腘动脉斑块检出率36％,胫后动脉斑块检出率39％,胫前动脉斑块检出率38％,足背动脉斑块检出率45％;对照组股动脉斑块检出率9％,腘动脉斑块检出率7％,胫后动脉斑块检出率10％,胫前动脉斑块检出率13％,足背动脉斑块检出率16％.观察组下肢动脉斑块所致轻度狭窄31例,中度狭窄16例,重度狭窄11例,闭塞4例;对照组下肢动脉斑块所致轻度狭窄9例,中度狭窄5例,重度狭窄3例,闭塞0例.观察组下肢动脉软斑14个,硬斑19个,混合性斑块41个;对照组下肢动脉软斑4个,硬斑8个,混合性斑块11个.观察组下肢动脉斑块检出率及狭窄程度均高于对照组（均P ＜0.05）.结论 彩色多普勒超声检查对糖尿病患者下肢动脉病变有较高的诊断价值.

Diagnostic value of high frequency color doppler ultrasound for lower limb artery lesions in patients with diabetes

Objective To explore the clinical value of high frequency color doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of lower limb artery pathological changes of diabetes.Methods Linear array of high frequency probe was used in regular line double lower limbs artery ultrasound examination in 102 cases with diabetes （observation group） and 98 healthy people（control group）.The lower limb artery（including femoral artery,popliteal artery,posterior tibial artery,the tibia and dorsalis pedis artery）before the intima-media thickness （IMT）were measured,and the presence of plaque,the plaque nature,the degree of luminal stenosis or occlusion of the judgment and hemodynamic changes were observed.Results In observation group,the femoral artery plaque detection rate was 22％,popliteal artery plaque detection rate was 36％,posterior tibial artery plaque detection rate was 39％,pretibial artery plaque detection rate was 38％,dorsalis pedis artery plaque detection rate was 45％.In control group,the femoral artery plaque detection rate was 9％,popliteal artery plaque detection rate was 7％,posterior tibial artery plaque detection rate was 10％,pretibial artery plaque detection rate was 13％,dorsalis pedis artery plaque detection rate was 16％.In the observation group,lower limb artery plaque caused mild stenosis in 31 cases,moderate stenosis 16 cases,severe stenosis 11 cases,block 4 cases.In the control group,9 cases had mild stenosis caused by lower limb artery plaque,moderate stenosis 5 cases,3 cases with severe stenosis and occlusion in 0 case.In the observation group,lower limb artery soft spot 14,hard spots in 19,41 mixed plaques.In the control group,lower limb artery soft spot 4,hard spot 8,11 mixed plaques.Conclusion Lower limb artery pathological changes is closely related with diabetes,especially the artery stenosis and block the knee can predict the development of diabetes.