江苏省南通地区0～7岁儿童急性下呼吸道感染常见病毒病原学分析

目的 了解江苏省南通地区0～7岁急性下呼吸道感染（ALRI）住院患儿常见病毒感染情况及其临床特征.方法 收集2012年1月至2013年3月因ALRI住院的0～7岁患儿鼻咽部拭子标本1 376份,采用直接免疫荧光法对呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）、腺病毒（ADV）、流感病毒A、B（IVA、IVB）、副流感病毒Ⅰ～Ⅲ（PIV Ⅰ～Ⅲ）进行检测,并结合临床资料分析检测结果.结果 1 376份呼吸道标本中,577例（41.93％）病毒阳性,其中RSV阳性376例（65.16％）,ADV阳性42例（7.28％）,IVA阳性63例（10.92％）,IVB阳性24例（4.16％）,PIV Ⅰ阳性20例（3.47％）,PIVⅡ阳性19例（3.29％）,PIVⅢ阳性108例（18.72％）.混合感染68例（11.79％）2种病毒阳性59例（86.76％）,3种病毒阳性9例（13.24％）].各年龄组中,0～6个月组病毒检出率最高（53.32％）,5～7岁最低（6.90％）.2012年3月份（58.67％）、12月份（53.33％）和2013年1月（53.63％）病毒检出率高于其他月份,其中2012年6月份病毒检出率最低（33.33％）.ALRI中毛细支气管炎病毒检出率最高（69.23％）.结论 江苏省南通地区0～7岁儿童ALRI的主要病原是病毒感染,不同年龄、季节、病种,病毒的感染率存在差异.婴幼儿为呼吸道常见病毒感染的主要人群.

The aetiological analysis of common viruses of acute lower respiratory infection among the hospitalized children 0 to 7 years old in Nantong of Jiangsu

Objective To investigate the infection status and clinical features of common viruses in acute lower respiratory infection （ALRI） among the hospitalized children 0 to 7 years old in Nantong of Jiangsu.Methods 1 376 swab samples from pharynx nasalis in the ALRI inpatients 0 to 7 years old were collected.The human respiratory syncytial virus （RSV）,adenovirus （ADV）,influenza virusA,B （IVA,B）,parainfluenza virus Ⅰ ～ Ⅲ （PIV Ⅰ ～ Ⅲ）were detected by direct immunofluorescence assay,and the results were analyzed.Results In 1 376 respiratory tract samples,there were 577 cases（41.93％） of positive samples.In all positive samples,there were 376 cases of RSVpositive （65.16％）,42 ADV-positive （7.28％）,63 IVA-positive （10.92％）,24 IVB-positive （4.16％）,20 PIV Ⅰ-positive（3.47％）,19 PIV Ⅱ-positive （3.29％）,108 PIV Ⅲ-positive （18.72％）,68 cases with mixed infection （11.79％） two virus-positive ones in 59 cases （86.76％）,three virus-positive ones in 9 cases （13.24％）].In different age group,the highest positive rate was in 0 ～ 6-month-old group（53.32％）,with the lowest in 5-7 years old group（6.90％）.Virus detection rate was higher in March 2012 （58.67％）,December 2012 （53.33％）,and January 2013（53.63％）than the rest months,including the lowest June 2012（33.33％）.Bronchiolitis virus detection rate was the highest（69.23％）among ALRI.Conclusion The virus is major pathogen of children 0 to 7 years old with ALRI in Nantong of Jiangsu,and with difference among different ages,seasons and diseases.Infants and young children are the main affected population.