余姚市尘肺患者生存质量及影响因素研究

目的了解余姚市尘肺患者生存质量现状及其影响因素，为尘肺病的预防与治疗提供依据。方法选取2009年1月至2012年12月余姚市尘肺病患者作为病例组，非尘肺病者作为对照组，应用《世界卫生组织生存质量测定表简表》（WHOQOL—BREF）、《St George’s呼吸问卷》（SGRQ）和自制问卷进行调查。结果病例组社会关系（53．16±13．74）分、心理健康（50．09±12．93）分、环境（46．21±12．05）分和躯体健康（42．94±11．46）分，得分均低于对照组。病例组活动受限（66．43±18．17）分、呼吸症状（62．77±17．35）分和疾病影响（58．12±15．92）分，得分均高于对照组。多元线性回归分析结果显示：年龄每增加1岁，尘肺患者的WHOQOL．BREF总得分下降0．274分，而SCRQ得分增高0．268分；尘肺患者接尘工龄每增加1年，WHOQOL-BREF总得分下降0．237分，SGRQ增高0．301分。此外，家庭人均收入、Covinsky同病得分、尘肺分期也是尘肺患者生存质量的影响因素。结论余姚市尘肺病患者生存质量较低，其影响因素为年龄、接尘工龄、家庭人均收入。

Study on life quality status and its influencing factors among pneumoconiosis patients in Yuyao city

Objective To explore the life quality status and its influence factors among pneumoconiosis patients in Yuyao city, and to provide evidence for prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis. Methods Pneumoconiosis patients in Yuyao city from January 2009 to December 2012 were recruited in ease group while people without pneumoconiosis as control group. They were surveyed by WHO Quality of Life-BREF（WHOQOL-BREF）, St George＇s Respiratory Questionnaire （SGRQ） and self-made questionnaire. Results WHOQOL-BREF four dimension scores were social relations（ 53.16 ± 13.74 ）, mental health （ 50.09 ±12.93 ）, environment （ 46.21 ± 12.05 ） and physical health（42.94 ＋ ±11.46）respective in the case group, and they were all lower than those of the control group. SGRO three dimension scores were limitation of activity （66.43 ± 18.17）, respiratory symptoms （ 62.77 ± 17.35 ） and effects of disease（58.12 ± 15.92） respective in the case group ,which were all higher than those of the control group. Multiple linear regression analysis showed ： with each additional 1 years of age, score of WHOQOL-BREF decreased 0. 274 while the score of SCRQ increased 0.268 ; with each additional 1 years of exposure time of pneumoconiosis, score of WHOQOL-BREF decreased 0.237 while score of SGRQ increased 0. 301. In addition, family income per capita, covin- sky same disease score, pneumoconiosis stage were the influencing factors of the life quality. Conclusion Life quality of pneumoconiosis patients in Yuyao city is low. Age, exposure time of pneumoconiosis, family income per capita, covinsky same disease score and pneumoconiosis stage are the influencing factors. Effective measures should be taken to improve their life quality.