花斑糠疹与马拉色菌毛囊炎相关危险因素和致病菌分析

目的 研究花斑糠疹和马拉色菌毛囊炎的相关危险因素和致病菌特点，并比较其差异。方法 收集我院临床花斑糠疹和马拉色菌毛囊炎患者，均以1：1设置病例对照组，调查发病相关因素，采用SPSS16.0软件进行单因素和多因素Logstic回归分析。培养阳性菌株采用形态学和生理生化学方法鉴定到菌种，比较菌种分布。结果 共收集到163例花斑糠疹和132马拉色菌毛囊炎患者。单因素回归分析显示与花斑糠疹发病相关的因素有多汗和油性皮肤，与马拉色菌毛囊炎发病相关的因素有男性、潮湿环境、多汗、油性皮肤、刺激性食物、甜腻食物。多因素回归分析显示花斑糠疹的危险因素有多汗和油性皮肤，马拉色菌毛囊炎的危险因素有多汗、油性皮肤、男性和甜腻性食物。两种疾病致病菌均以合轴马拉色菌为优势菌，但糠秕马拉色菌在毛囊炎中占较高比例。结论 多汗和油性皮肤是花斑糠疹和马拉色菌毛囊炎共同的危险因素，而男性、甜腻性食物为马拉色菌毛囊炎独有的危险因素，两种疾病致病分布也存在统计学差异。

Analysis of revelant risk factors and pathogenic species of pityriasis versicolor and Malassezia folliculits

Objective To investigate the revelant risk factors and pathogenic species of Pityriasis versicolor (PV) and Malassezia folliculits(MF). Methods Clinically diagnosed PV and MF patients were classified as 1:1 matching controls. Self-made questionnaires were used to survey related factors. SPSS16.0 software was used to analyze risk factors by single factor and multiple factor logistic regression analysis. Positively cultured isolates were identified by both morphological and physiological characteristics. Results One hundred and sixty-three cases of PV and controls (1:1), 132 cases of MF and controls (1:1) were collected in all. Single factor analysis showed sweaty and oily skin was related with development of PV, while moist environment, sweaty and oily skin, excitant food, sweet and fatty food were related with development of MF. Multiple factor analysis further revealed that sweaty and oily skin was related with PV, while sweaty ,oily skin, male, sweet and fatty food were the exclusive risk factors of MF. Malassezia.sympodialis was the predominant species isolated from both diseases, however, Malassezia furfur accounted for a higher percentage in MF. Conclusions Sweaty and oily skin are common risk factors for both PV and MF, however, male, sweet and fatty food were specifically dangerous for MF. The distribution of Malassezia species was significantly different between the two groups (P<0.005).