维生素D缺乏与骨质疏松

维生素D对骨骼最主要的作用之一是为骨质矿化提供合适的微环境。尽管部分食物中强化维生素D，或额外补充维生素D，但人群中维生素D缺乏仍很普遍。维生素D缺乏可导致甲状旁腺功能亢进、骨转换增加和骨丢失，引起骨折风险增加。维生素D和钙剂补充是防治骨质疏松症的基本措施。研究表明补充足量维生素D能增加骨量、肌肉容量，和肌肉协调功能，有助于预防骨质疏松及其骨折。

Vitamin D deficiency and osteoporosis

1, 25-Dihydroxyvitamin D is the biologically active form of vitamin D, whose major role in bone is to provide the proper microenvironment for bone mineralization. Although foods were fortified with vitamin D or vitamin D was supplemented, vitamin D deficiency remains common in children and adults. Inadequate serum vitamin D （250HD） concentration is associated with secondary hyperparathyroidism, increased bone turnover and bone loss, which increase fracture risk. Vitamin D and calcium are essential components of osteoporosis management. Many studies showed that sufficiently vitamin D intake can increase the bone mass, the muscle capacity and adjust the muscle function. It is also effective to prevent osteoporosis and fracture.