注意力缺陷多动障碍分子影像学进展

本文概述了ADHD分子影像研究进展,主要显示了额前区和纹状体区血流灌注减少以及纹状体区DAT密度增加,以右侧为著。形态学研究也显示了右侧额前区和右侧纹状体区体积缩小。认为ADHD病理生理基础可能是额-纹状体通路相关脑区异常,而且以右侧为主导。至于颞叶区、顶叶区、枕叶区及小脑区异常在ADHD发病机理的地位应该是次要的,代偿机制或者合并其他障碍可能引起上述脑区变化。因此,在ADHD诊断及疗效评估方面,形态结构影像临床应用有限,而分子影像价值较高。

Molecular Imaging Advances in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

The article objectively reviewed advances of molecular imaging in ADHD, including SPECT and PET. Also its morphological anatomy was systematically summarized. Abnormalities of the fronto-striatal circuit had been demonstrated,involved prefrontal cortex area regional cerebral blood flow （rCBF） decreasing,Striatal dopamine transporter density increasing,prefrontal area and striatum brain volumes diminishing,predominantly at the right hemisphere, which was the pivotal pathophysiological foundation of this disorder. While compensatory mechanism and comorbid disorders may provide an interpretation to the others abnormal areas of brain like temporal lobe、parietal lobe 、occipital lobe and cerebellum. Accurately, molecular imaging has a significant value in diagnosis and evaluating therapeutic effect due to the limitation of anatomic structure images.