Prevalence,clinicopathological characteristics,treatment, and prognosis of intestinal metastasis of primary lung cancer: A comprehensive review |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Center+, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands;2. Department of Pulmonary Diseases, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands;3. Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands;4. Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Atrium Medical Center, H. Dunantstraat 5, 6419 PC Heerlen, The Netherlands;5. Department of Pulmonary Diseases, VieCuri, Tegelseweg 210, 5912 BL Venlo, The Netherlands;6. Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Laurentius Hospital, Mgr. Driessenstraat 6, 6043 CV Roermond, The Netherlands;7. Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Orbis Medical Center, PO Box 5500, 6130 MB Sittard, The Netherlands;8. Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, PO Box 3035, 6202 NA Maastricht, The Netherlands;9. Department of Pathology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands;1. Department of Oncology/Haematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, University of Bern Switzerland, Switzerland;2. SAKK, Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research Coordinating Center, Bern, Switzerland;3. Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Zürich, Switzerland;4. Department of Oncology, Cantonal Hospital Lucerne, Switzerland;5. Department of Oncology, Cantonal Hospital Winterthur, Switzerland;6. Department of Oncology, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland;7. Istituto Oncologico della Svizzera Italiana, Ospedale Regionale di Bellinzona e Valli, Switzerland;8. Department of Oncology, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, Switzerland;9. Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, Switzerland |
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| Abstract: | AimLung cancer is mostly diagnosed at the advanced stage of disease. This review focused on prevalence, clinicopathological characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of intestine metastasis of primary lung cancer.MethodsPublished literature was searched using PubMed/Medline databases to extract studies on primary lung cancer metastasized to the intestine and then analyzed statistically.ResultsA total of 57 case reports and 3 retrospective studies were obtained from PubMed database. The prevalence of small bowel metastasis of primary lung cancer ranged between 2.6 and 10.7%. Histologically, poor tumor differentiation and advanced T and N stages of primary lung cancer associated with intestinal metastasis. Clinically, primary lung cancer metastasized to the intestine led to three frequent clinical presentations, i.e., intestine perforation, obstruction, and bleeding. The time interval between diagnosis of primary tumor and manifestation of intestinal metastasis ranged between 2 week and 4 years, while the time was within one year for 36 reported cases. 70% (45 of 63 cases) of patients did have an extra-intestinal metastasis at diagnosis of intestine metastasis. The median survival rate of 79 patients with follow-up data was 2.3 month and the old age, extra-intestinal metastasis, and intestine perforation were associated with poor prognosis.ConclusionThis study suggests that the primary lung cancer metastasized to the small bowel is not so rare as it is thought. Clinical management and treatment decision will be warranted and considered accordingly. |
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| Keywords: | Lung cancer Intestine metastasis Non-small cell lung cancer |
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