Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine gene expression in subcutaneous and visceral fat in severe obesity |
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| Institution: | 1. CNR-IFC, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Clinical Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Reggio Calabria, Italy;2. Division of General Surgery 1, A.O. Spedali Civili di Brescia, Italy;3. Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;4. Section of Pathology, University of Brescia, Italy;5. Unit of Nephrology, A.O. Spedali Civili and University, Brescia, Italy;1. Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;2. Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, San Diego School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego CA, USA;3. Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago IL, USA;4. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis CA, USA;5. The Cheryl Spencer Institute for Nursing Research, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel;1. Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, PO Box 7054, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden;2. Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, PO Box 7011, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden;3. Faculty of Veterinary Science, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya, 133, Moo 5, Tambol Thungyai, Thungyai, Nakornsrithammarat 80240, Thailand;1. Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Toxicology, Marshall University, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States;2. Center for Diagnostic Nanosystems, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States;4. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Ji’nan, China;5. Health Effects Laboratory Division, NIOSH, Morgantown, WV, United States;6. Department of Cardiology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States;7. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States;3. Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado 80045;4. Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado 80045;5. Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women''s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115;6. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259;12. Intercept Pharmaceuticals, New York, New York 10013;8. Intercept Pharmaceuticals, 06073 Perugia, Italy;9. Integrated Program in Immunology, National Jewish Hospital, Denver, Colorado 80206 |
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| Abstract: | Background and aimsPro-inflammatory molecules produced by adipose tissue have been implicated in the risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease in obesity. We investigated the expression profile of 19 pro-inflammatory and seven anti-inflammatory genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in 44 severely obese individuals who underwent bariatric surgery.Methods and resultsSAT and VAT expressed an identical series of pro-inflammatory genes. Among these genes, 12 were significantly more expressed in SAT than in VAT while just one (IL18) was more expressed in VAT. The remaining genes were equally expressed. Among pro-inflammatory cytokines, both IL6 and IL8 were about 20 times more intensively expressed in SAT than in VAT. The expression of nine genes was highly associated in SAT and VAT. Only for three pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL8, IL18, SAA1) in SAT the gene expression in adipose tissue associated with the circulating levels of the corresponding gene products while no such an association was found as for VAT.ConclusionsThe expression of critical pro-inflammatory genes is substantially higher in SAT than in VAT in individuals with morbid obesity. The variability in circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines is, in small part and just for three pro-inflammatory cytokines, explained by underlying gene expression in SAT but not in VAT.These results point to a compartment-specific adipose tissue contribution to inflammation in obesity and indicate that abdominal SAT contributes more than VAT to the pro-inflammatory milieu associated with severe obesity. |
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| Keywords: | Adipose tissue Gene expression Obesity Inflammation |
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