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Decreased regional activity of default-mode network in unaffected siblings of schizophrenia patients at rest
Affiliation:1. Department of Psychiatry, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-SANT PAU), Santa Creu and Sant Pau Hospital; Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain;2. Mental Health Networking Biomedical Research Center, CIBERSAM, Spain;3. Scientific Information Port (PIC), Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), High Energy Physics Institute (IFAE), Barcelona, Spain;4. Department of Neuroradiology, Santa Creu and Sant Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain;1. Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi''an, Shaanxi, China;2. Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi''an, Shaanxi, China
Abstract:Dysconnectivity hypothesis posits that abnormal resting-state connectivity within the default-mode network (DMN) acts as a key role in schizophrenia. However, little is known about the regional alterations of the DMN in unaffected siblings of schizophrenia patients. Unaffected siblings have a unique advantage in neuroimaging studies independent of clinical and treatment issues that complicate studies on patients themselves. In the present study, we used fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) to investigate regional alterations of the DMN in unaffected siblings of schizophrenia patients at rest. Forty-six unaffected siblings of schizophrenia patients and 50 age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy controls underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The fALFF and independent component analysis (ICA) approaches were used to analyze the data. The unaffected siblings of schizophrenia patients had lower fALFF than the controls in the left inferior temporal gyrus (ITG). No significantly increased fALFF was found in any brain regions in the siblings compared to that in the controls. Further receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and support vector machine (SVM) analyses showed that the fALFF values of the left ITG could be utilized to separate the siblings from the controls. Our results first suggest that there is decreased regional activity of the DMN in unaffected siblings of schizophrenia patients, and provide a clue that decreased regional activity of the left ITG could be applied as a candidate biomarker to identify the siblings from the controls.
Keywords:Siblings  Schizophrenia  Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation  Independent component analysis  Default mode network
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