A型肉毒毒素对小型猪肌皮瓣扩张的影响

目的 探讨A型肉毒毒素对小型猪扩张肌皮瓣的组织学影响.方法 小型猪7只,在左、右两侧腰肋部对称区域分别作面积为10 cm×6 cm的文身区,将A型肉毒毒素96 U随机注射于一侧文身区皮肌层,每点注射4 U(0.1 ml),注射间距2 cm(肉毒毒素组),另一侧注射等量生理盐水,作为对照.3 d后于两侧腰肋部对称部位分别植入200 ml扩张器1枚.完成扩张后,在两组扩张肌皮瓣对应部位取材进行HE及Masson染色,观察扩张肌皮瓣组织结构变化,对比两侧扩张肌皮瓣的厚度及组织学改变.结果 肉毒毒素组肌层、包膜层、真皮层平均厚度分别为(275.74±28.93)μm、(468.03±34.28)μm、(1990.79±102.10)μm,生理盐水组分别为(409.13±44.63)μm、(626.55±44.05)μm、(2508.44±70.71)μm,肉毒毒素组各指标明显低于生理盐水组,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).Masson染色显示肉毒毒素组扩张器包膜胶原平均灰度为185.38±9.56,明显高于生理盐水组的120.77±10.31,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).光镜下HE染色显示肉毒毒素组肌肉明显萎缩,肌纤维横截面面积减少,生理盐水组皮肌肌纤维大致正常;电镜下见肉毒毒素组肌细胞明暗带模糊,Z线弯曲,生理盐水组皮肌肌细胞明暗带排列整齐,Z线清晰.结论 使用A型肉毒毒素辅助肌皮瓣扩张,可使肌肉萎缩,肌皮瓣变薄,包膜中胶原纤维含量减少.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the histologic effect of botulinum toxin type A (Botox A )injection on myocutaneous flap expansion in minipigs model. Methods Seven minipigs were included in this study. Two symmetric tatoo area, 10 cm× 6 cm in size, were seclected on the bilateral flank of the pigs. The Botox A was injected into one tatoo area randomly, 4 U every point, 2 cm apart, with a total dose of 96 U. The same dose of sterile normal saline (0.9%) was injected in the same fashion on the opposite side as control. 3 days after injection , two 200 ml expanders were inserted beneath the cutaneous muscle at the tatto area. After complete expansion of 200 ml, the specimens were drawn from both groups symmetrically and were stained by means of HE and Masson. The histologic changes of myocutaneous flap were compared. Thickness of each layer in myocutaneous flap was measured in histological section. Results The thickness of cutaneous muscle, capsule, dermis were ( 275.74 ± 28.93 ) μm、 (468.03 ± 34.28 )μm 、(1990.79 ± 102.10) μm in Botox group, and (409.13 ± 44.63) μm、(626.55 ±44.05) μm、( 2508.44 ± 70.71 ) μm in saline group, respectively, show a significant difference between the two groups (P ＜0.01 ). The Masson stained slice showed that collagen average gray of capsule in Botox group was 185.38 ±9.56, which was significantly higher than that in the saline group( 120.77 ± 10.31, P ＜0.01 ).Light microscope ( HE stained sections ) showed that muscle in Botox group was significantly atrophy and cross-section of muscle fiber decreased. The muscle fiber in saline group was generally normal. It was observed through transmission electron microscope that the light and dark band of muscle cell became fuzzy and the Z line bending in Botox group. The light and dark band in saline group arranged neatly, the Z line was clear. Conclusions Application of Botox A in myocutaneous flap expansion can make the muscle atrophy and reduce the content of collagen in capsule layer, makeing the myocutaneous flap thinner which is suitable for reconstruction in face and neck.

Effect of the botulinum toxin type A on myocutaneous flap expansion in minipigs model

Objective To investigate the histologic effect of botulinum toxin type A (Botox A )injection on myocutaneous flap expansion in minipigs model. Methods Seven minipigs were included in this study. Two symmetric tatoo area, 10 cm× 6 cm in size, were seclected on the bilateral flank of the pigs. The Botox A was injected into one tatoo area randomly, 4 U every point, 2 cm apart, with a total dose of 96 U. The same dose of sterile normal saline (0.9%) was injected in the same fashion on the opposite side as control. 3 days after injection , two 200 ml expanders were inserted beneath the cutaneous muscle at the tatto area. After complete expansion of 200 ml, the specimens were drawn from both groups symmetrically and were stained by means of HE and Masson. The histologic changes of myocutaneous flap were compared. Thickness of each layer in myocutaneous flap was measured in histological section. Results The thickness of cutaneous muscle, capsule, dermis were ( 275.74 ± 28.93 ) μm、 (468.03 ± 34.28 )μm 、(1990.79 ± 102.10) μm in Botox group, and (409.13 ± 44.63) μm、(626.55 ±44.05) μm、( 2508.44 ± 70.71 ) μm in saline group, respectively, show a significant difference between the two groups (P ＜0.01 ). The Masson stained slice showed that collagen average gray of capsule in Botox group was 185.38 ±9.56, which was significantly higher than that in the saline group( 120.77 ± 10.31, P ＜0.01 ).Light microscope ( HE stained sections ) showed that muscle in Botox group was significantly atrophy and cross-section of muscle fiber decreased. The muscle fiber in saline group was generally normal. It was observed through transmission electron microscope that the light and dark band of muscle cell became fuzzy and the Z line bending in Botox group. The light and dark band in saline group arranged neatly, the Z line was clear. Conclusions Application of Botox A in myocutaneous flap expansion can make the muscle atrophy and reduce the content of collagen in capsule layer, makeing the myocutaneous flap thinner which is suitable for reconstruction in face and neck.