北京市某社区居民高血压与超重等危险因素关系探讨

目的了解北京市石景山区社区居民高血压等慢性病患病率及其危险因素。方法用整群随机抽样方法抽取某社区≥15岁的1407人,进行问卷调查并测量血压、身高、体重及空腹血糖等。结果高血压患病率为30.7%,男31.63%,女29.86%;其中≥35岁占35.4%,≥60岁为42.1%,且有随年龄增长而上升的趋势,不同年龄组高血压患病率差异有统计学意义。糖尿病患病率10.95%,男11.10%,女10.81%,不同年龄组糖尿病患病率随着年龄的增长而增高。≥18岁人群体质指数(BMI)≥24的占31.3%,BMI≥28的为15.7%,男性多于女性。超重、肥胖和血糖增高是高血压患病的危险因素。结论该社区居民高血压患病率、糖尿病患病率和体重超重率等较明显高于国内调查数据水平,且高血压基本知识水平偏低。

Relationship between risk factors for hypertension and obesity and over-weight:A community-based survey in Shijingshan district of Beijing

Objective To understand prevalence of hypertension and other chronic diseases and their risk factors among local residents in Shijingshan district,Beijing.Methods By cluster sampling,1407 local residents aged 15 years and over were selected from Shijingshan district,Beijing for questionnaire survey and measurements for blood-pressure,body height and weight,fasting blood sugar level.Results Overall prevalence of hypertension was 30.7 percent,31.63 percent for males and 29.86 percent for females,and 35.4 percent for those aged 35 years or over and 42.1 percent for those aged 60 years or over,respectively,in an increasing tendency with age.There was statistically significant difference in prevalence of hypertension between varied age groups.Overall prevalence of diabetes was 10.95 percent,11.10 percent for males and 10.8 percent for females,respectively,and increased with age.Those with body mass index（BMI） equal to or more than 24 accounted for 18 percent,and those with BMI of 28 or more accounted for 15.7 percent of those aged 18 years or over,with more males than females.Fasting blood sugar level increased with age.Over weight,obesity and impaired fasting blood glucose all were risk factors for hypertension.Conclusion Prevalence of hypertension,diabetes and overweight are all higher among local residents in Shijingshan district than those in other areas of the country.Their awareness of basic knowledge of hypertension is insufficient.