广东省早产儿视网膜病筛查阳性率调查分析

目的:了解广东省早产儿视网膜病(Retinopathy of prematurity,ROP)的发病率,为规范开展早产儿ROP筛查奠定基础。方法:通过信函、现场和电子邮件的方式对广东省设有新生儿ICU的医院进行ROP筛查情况调查,调查内容包括2002年1月～2006年12月ROP筛查例数和阳性病例数。结果:筛查阳性率一级医院为零,二级医院为1.05%,三级医院为3.85%,广东省ROP筛查总阳性率为2.11%,随着医院级别的升高,ROP筛查阳性率不断增高;广州市ROP筛查阳性率明显高于省内其他地区的平均水平;二级医院中,综合医院和妇幼保健院ROP筛查阳性率分别为1.23%和0.98%,两者比较差异无显著性(P>0.05);而三级医院中,综合医院和妇幼保健院ROP筛查阳性率分别为3.62%和4.54%,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:广东省ROP筛查阳性率较低,各级医院ROP筛查情况差异较大,以行政干预手段促进和规范ROP筛查防治工作势在必行,建议建立以三级医院为依托的覆盖基层医院的ROP筛查防治模式,提高ROP的整体防治质量。

Screening of retinopathy of prematurity in Guangdong province

Objective:To investigate the positive rate of retinopahty of prematurity(ROP) in Guangdong province of China and help to prevent and treat ROP.Methods:A retrospective investigation of total cases and positive cases of ROP screening from 2002 to 2006,was performed in the neonatal intensive care units(NICUs) of Guangdong province by letter,locus in quo and E-mail.Results:The total positive rate of ROP screening in Guangdong province was 2.11%.It was 0 in level-C hospitals,1.05% in level-B hospitals and 3.85% in level-A hospitals respectively,ascending with the level of hospitals.The positive rate of Guangzhou City was significantly higher than that of other area.In lever-B hospitals,the ROP screening positive rate was 1.23% in general hospitals and 0.98% in women and children's hospitals with no significant difference(P>0.05),while in level-A hospitals,the positive rate was 3.62% and 4.54% respectively in these two kinds of hospitals(P>0.05).Conclusion:The positive rate of ROP screening is low and differed greatly in hospitals of different levels.It is urgent to promote and optimize ROP screening by administration measures.A new model of ROP screening,which is level-A hospital-centered and covering rural hospitals,is intensely proposed to improve the whole quality of ROP management.