Induction of sub-G0 arrest and apoptosis by seed extract of Moringa peregrina (Forssk.) Fiori in cervical and prostate cancer cell lines |
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| Institution: | 1. Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacognosy Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;2. Faculty of Pharmacy, Biochemistry Department, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;3. Egyptian International Pharmaceuticals Industries Company, Tenth of Ramadan City 44629, Egypt;1. Phytomedicine and Toxicology Laboratory, Biochemistry Unit, Department of Chemical Science, College of Science, Afe Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria;2. Department of Biochemistry, Ekiti State University, P.M.B 5363, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria;1. Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, and College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates;2. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;3. Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates;1. Animal Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, 237, Cameroon;2. Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundéré, 237, Cameroon;3. Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, 237, Cameroon;4. Department of Applied Sciences for Health, Higher Institute of Applied Sciences, University Institute of Gulf of Guinea, 237, Cameroon;5. Laboratory of Endocrinology and Radioisotopes, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), Yaoundé 237, Cameroon;6. Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, 237, Cameroon |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveThis study investigated cytotoxicity and induction of apoptosis in human cervical cancer cells (HELA) and prostate cancer cells (PC-3) using the most active fraction of Moringa peregrina seed extract.MethodsDried and powdered seeds were extracted using 95% ethanol. The total ethanolic extract was further dissolved in distilled water and separated into petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts. Based on the results of in vitro anticancer studies of all extracts, the most highly active extract was selected for evaluation of apoptosis induction and cell cycle analysis on HELA and PC-3 cells at its half maximal inhibitory concentration using flow cytometry; DNA fragmentation by agarose gel electrophoresis and the expression of protein were measured by Western blot.ResultsThe chloroform fraction from the ethanolic extract of M. peregrina (CFEE) was the most active antitumor fraction. The selectivity index, determined using the normal Vero cell line, indicated that CFEE had a high degree of selectivity against HELA and PC-3 cells. CFEE induced apoptosis, confirmed by cell cycle arrest at sub-G0 phase and DNA fragmentation. CFEE induced an increase in mRNA expression of caspase-3, a decrease in Bcl-2 mRNA expression, and decreased ATP levels. CFEE increased protein expression of caspase-3 and decreased protein expression of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1). Flow cytometric analysis showed an appreciable increase in the number of cells in the early apoptotic stage in CFEE-treated HELA and PC-3 cells. CFEE treatment significantly increased lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde level) in HELA and PC-3 cells.ConclusionSeed extract of M. peregrina displayed a significant antitumor effect through apoptosis induction in HELA and PC-3 cells. |
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| Keywords: | Moringa peregrina Fractionation Antiproliferation Apoptosis |
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