福建省闽东渔场海鱼异尖线虫感染调查

目的 了解福建省闽东渔场海洋鱼类异尖线虫感染情况,为制定异尖线虫病控制策略、保障食品安全提供依据。方法 2021年9—12月在福建省闽东渔场沿海蕉城区、福鼎市、霞浦县随机收集海鱼样本,解剖获取鱼腹腔内容物,在体视显微镜下挑取寄生虫,并在镜下根据异尖线虫形态特征鉴定虫种,计算异尖线虫感染率和感染度。结果 共解剖海鱼24种177尾,其中16种73尾海鱼检出异尖线虫,鱼种检出率为66.7%、海鱼总感染率为41.2%;感染度为1～148条/尾,平均感染度为14.3条/尾。异尖线虫感染率较高的鱼种为鳓鱼(5/5)、鮸鱼(3/3)、包公鱼(2/2)、马鲛鱼(12/13)、带鱼(19/23)、白姑鱼(6/11)、海鲫鱼(14/27),平均感染度依次为9.2、2.7、4.5、10.9、39.2、4.5、2.1条/尾。检出的异尖线虫幼虫经鉴定为异尖线虫属和宫脂线虫属。结论 福建省闽东渔场海洋鱼类异尖线虫感染率较高,应加强饮食健康宣传,防止人群异尖线虫病发生。

Prevalence of Anisakise infections in marine fishes in Eastern Fujian Fishing Ground of Fujian Province

Objective　To investigate the prevalence of Anisakis infection in marine fishes in Eastern Fujian Fishing Ground of Fujian Province, so as to provide insights into the development of the anisakiasis control strategy. Methods　Marine fish samples were randomly collected from Jiaocheng District, Fuding City and Xiapu County around Eastern Fujian Fishing Ground in Fujian Province from September to December, 2021. All fishes were dissected, and the abdominal contents were collected. Parasites were sampled under a stereomicroscope and the Anisakis species were identified through morphology. The prevalence and intensity of Anisakis infections were calculated. Results　A total of 177 marine fishes belonging to 24 species were dissected, and Anisakis was detected in 73 marine fishes (41.2%) belonging to 16 species (66.7%), with a mean infection intensity of 14.3 parasites per fish. High prevalence of Anisakis infection was found in Ilisha elongata (5/5), Miichthys miiuy (3/3), Plectorhynchus cinctus (2/2), Scomberomorus niphonius (12/13), Trichiurus lepturus (19/23), Pennahia argentata (6/11) and Ditrema temmincki (14/27), with mean infection intensities of 9.2, 2.7, 4.5, 10.9, 39.2, 4.5 parasites per fish and 2.1 parasites per fish. The Anisakis larvae were characterized as Anisakis and Hysterothylacium. Conclusions　High prevalence of Anisakis infection is detected in marine fishes in Eastern Fujian Fishing Ground of Fujian Province. The health education pertaining to food health is required to be reinforced to prevent the development of human anisakiasis.