312例泌尿系结石成分分析

目的分析太原地区泌尿系结石化学成分的构成,并结合年龄、性别构成、上、下尿路结石成分的特点及城市居住人群与农村居住人群尿路结石成分的异同,为泌尿系结石的预防和治疗提供参考。方法收集太原地区各医院2009年l月~2011年10月体外冲击波碎石后排出和住院患者手术取出的泌尿系结石标本312例,并结合相应的临床资料进行分析对比。结果 312例结石中,草酸钙＋碳酸磷灰石结石占42.0%,草酸钙＋六水磷酸镁铵＋碳酸磷灰石结石占6.4%,草酸钙结石占38.1%,黄嘌呤结石占1.0%,六水磷酸镁铵结石占2.2%,碳酸磷灰石结石占3.8%,L-胱氨酸结石占1.9%,无水尿酸结石占1.6%。尿路结石发病男性多于女性,男女比例为2.67∶1。上尿路结石占76.6%,下尿路结石占23.4%,比例为3.2∶1。城市患者180例,农村患者132,城乡比为1.36∶1。结论本地区泌尿系统结石以草酸钙＋碳酸磷灰石结石为主,上尿路结石多于下尿路结石,城市发病对于农村。

Composition analysis of urolithiasis in 312 cases

Objective To analyze the chemical composition of urolithiasis in Taiyuan area and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of urolithiasis by combination analysis of age and sex structures,compositions characteristics of upper and lower urinary tract stones,and differences and similarities of the urinary tract stones composition between the urban population and the rural population.Methods 312 samples of urolithiasis discharged after the extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy or removed from the inpatients through surgery in various hospitals of Taiyuan area from January 2009 to October 2011 were collected and analyzed comparatively on the basis of relevant clinical data.Results Among 312 cases of urolithiasis,calcium oxalate + carbonate apatite stone was accounted for 42.0%,calcium oxalate + hexahydrate magnesium ammonium phosphate + carbonate apatite stone was accounted for 6.4%,calcium oxalate stone was accounted for 38.1%,xanthine stone was accounted for 1.0%,hexahydrate magnesium ammonium phosphate stone was accounted for 2.2%,carbonate apatite stone was accounted for 3.8%,L-cystine stone was accounted for 1.9% and anhydrous uric acid stone was accounted for 1.6%.The incidence of urinary tract stones was higher in male than female and the ratio of male to female was 2.67∶1.The upper urinary tract stone was accounted for 76.6% and the lower urinary tract stone was accounted for 23.4%,the ratio of upper to lower was 3.2∶1.180 patients were urban patients and 132 were rural patients,and the ratio of urban to rural was 1.36∶1.Conclusion Calcium oxalate + carbonate apatite stone is the major urolithiasis in our areas;the upper urinary tract stones are more than the lower urinary tract stones;the incidence of urban is higher than the rural.