老年人上消化道出血的病因构成及相关因素研究

目的]探讨老年人上消化道出血的病因构成及其相关因素。方法]选取2011年2月~2013年6月间因上消化道出血到我院就诊的250例老年上消化道出血患者，对其发病原因进行统计分析，并研究病因与诱因的相关性。结果]250例老年急性上消化道出血患者的主病因依次为：出血性胃炎（32％）、胃（24％）及十二指肠溃疡（28％）、胃肿瘤（10％）等，男性患者发病的比例明显高于女性患者（P〈O．05）；不同病因间的诱因构成不同，出血性胃炎主由酗酒（33％）引起；而胃溃疡的主诱因为饮食不当（38．1％）和长期服用药物（22％）；此外，老年上消化道出血患者中服用非甾体类抗炎药物的患者比例高达40．4％。结论]老年患者急性上消化道出血病因主包括出血性胃炎、胃及十二指肠溃疡等，常见诱因的相关因素包括酗酒、饮食不当、药物影响等，在诊疗过程中应尽早明确病因，并针对不同病因制订不同治疗方案，才能取得患者较好的疗效及预后。

Constituent ratio of causes and study of related factors of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in emergency

Objective]To explore the causes of the elderly upper gastrointestinal bleeding and its related factors. Methods]Two hundred and fifty cases of elderly patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding from Feb 2011 to Jun 2013 in our hospital were statistical analyzed for detecting its possible causes. Results]In two hundred and fifty cases of elderly patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding, the main cause was hemorrhagic gastritis （32%）, stomach ulcer （24%） and duodenal ulcer （28%） and gastric cancer （10 %）. The proportion of male patients was significantly higher than female patients （P〈0.05）. Hemor- rhagic gastritis was mainly caused by alcohol （33 %）. And the main cause of gastric ulcer was improper diet （38. 1%） and the long-term use of drugs （22%）. In addition, the old patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients taking NSAID drugs ratio was as high as 40.4%. Conclusion]Elderly patients with a- cute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage etiology mainly includes the hemorrhagic gastritis, gastric and duo- denal ulcer. The common cause of relevant factors include alcohol,improper diet,drug effects, etc..