胃肠肿瘤患者营养风险与营养支持调查分析

目的 调查胃肠肿瘤住院患者营养风险及住院期间的营养支持状况,分析营养风险与肿瘤分期、营养支持及并发症的关系.方法 选择我院2009年9月至2011年6月期间住院的胃肠肿瘤患者,入院时使用营养风险筛查工具2002(NRS2002)进行营养风险筛查,并调查住院期间的营养支持状况,统计患者的肿瘤分期及并发症发生率.结果 共有961例住院患者入选,总营养风险发生率为38.9％(374/961),胃肿瘤和结直肠肿瘤分别为49.2％(176/358)和32.8％(198/603).Ⅳ期的胃肿瘤和结直肠肿瘤营养风险最高87.3％(48/55)和58.8％(50/85)],ⅡA期的胃肿瘤和Ⅰ期的结直肠肿瘤营养风险最低16.1％(5/31)和9.8％(6/61)].有营养风险和无营养风险胃肿瘤患者的营养支持率分别为62.3％(152/244)和48.6％(144/296),有营养风险和无营养风险结直肠肿瘤患者的营养支持率分别为37.7％(92/244)和51.4％ (152/296),肠外营养和肠内营养比值为1.25:1.有营养风险的胃肠肿瘤患者并发症发生率为32.4％(121/374),明显高于无营养风险患者的20.4％(120/587),P=0.000 0.有营养风险的胃肠肿瘤患者应用营养支持者并发症发生率为27.5％(67/244),明显低于未用营养支持患者的40.8％(53/130),P=0.008 6.在无营养风险的胃肿瘤患者中应用营养支持者并发症发生率明显低于未用营养支持者(P=0.039 6),而在无营养风险的结直肠肿瘤患者中应用营养支持与否与并发症发生率无关(P=0.464 7).结论 胃肠肿瘤住院患者营养风险较高,营养风险发生率与肿瘤分期有关；有营养风险的胃肠肿瘤患者并发症发生率高于无营养风险者；给予有营养风险的胃肠肿瘤患者营养支持可以减少并发症的发生.

Investigation of Nutritional Risk and Nutritional Support in Patients with Gastrointestinal Tumor

Objective To investigate the status of undernutrition,nutritional risk as well as nutritional support in patients with gastrointestinal tumor. Methods In this prospective cohort study,patients with gastrointestinal tumor were recruited from Septemper 2009 to June 2011.Patients were screened by using Nutritional Risk Screening 2002(NRS2002) at admission.Data of the nutritional risk,application of nutritional support,complications,and tumor staging were collected. Results Nine hundred and sixty-one patients w...