DSM-5 PTSD's symptom dimensions and relations with major depression's symptom dimensions in a primary care sample |
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| Authors: | Ateka A. Contractor Tory A. Durham Julie A. Brennan Cherie Armour Hanna R. Wutrick B. Christopher Frueh Jon D. Elhai |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA;2. St. Luke''s Family Medicine Center, St. Luke''s Hospital, Maumee, OH, USA;3. Department of Family Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA;4. School of Psychology, University of Ulster at Coleraine Campus, Northern Ireland, UK;5. The National Centre for Psychotraumatology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark;6. Department of Psychology, University of Hawaii at Hilo, HI, USA;g The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, USA;h Department of Psychiatry, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA |
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| Abstract: | Existing literature indicates significant comorbidity between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depression. We examined whether PTSD’s dysphoria and mood/cognitions factors, conceptualized by the empirically supported four-factor DSM-5 PTSD models, account for PTSD's inherent relationship with depression. We hypothesized that depression's somatic and non-somatic factors would be more related to PTSD's dysphoria and mood/cognitions factors than other PTSD model factors. Further, we hypothesized that PTSD's arousal would significantly mediate relations between PTSD's dysphoria and somatic/non-somatic depression. Using 181 trauma-exposed primary care patients, confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) indicated a well-fitting DSM-5 PTSD dysphoria model, DSM-5 numbing model and two-factor depression model. Both somatic and non-somatic depression factors were more related to PTSD's dysphoria and mood/cognitions factors than to re-experiencing and avoidance factors; non-somatic depression was more related to PTSD's dysphoria than PTSD's arousal factor. PTSD's arousal did not mediate the relationship between PTSD's dysphoria and somatic/non-somatic depression. Implications are discussed. |
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| Keywords: | PTSD Depression DSM-5 Primary care sample Structural equation modeling Mediation Confirmatory factor analyses |
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