尿激酶动静脉溶栓治疗犬急性肺动脉栓塞的对照研究

目的 评价动脉内尿激酶(UK)溶栓治疗犬急性肺动脉栓塞的安全性和有效性.方法 用犬自体血栓建立选择性急性肺动脉栓塞模型,24只犬随机分为动脉溶栓组(30 min内经导管注入UK10 000 u/kg)、静脉溶栓组(2 h内经静脉滴入UK 20 000 u/kg)及对照组(2 h内经静脉滴入生理盐水100ml),每组8只.监测其平均肺动脉压(PAMP)、血气分析(PaO2、PaCO2)、凝血指标(PT、APTT)和D-二聚体(D-D)以及肺动脉造影复查.结果 溶栓后2 h三组PAMP、PaO2及D-D值比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),溶栓后4 h动脉组与静脉组的PAMP、PaO2及D-D值比较无差异(P＞0.05).造影复查显示:动脉组比静脉组能更快溶解血栓,恢复肺组织血供.结论 动脉溶栓较静脉溶栓所需的UK剂量小,并能更快降低肺动脉压、提高动脉血氧分压,恢复肺组织血流.

Comparative study of intraarterial and intravenous thrombolysis with urokinase in canine models of acute pulmonary arterial embolism

Objective To evaluate the efficiency and safety of intraarterial thrombolysis with urokinase(UK)in canine models of acute pulmonary arterial embolism. Methods 24 Canine models of selective acute pulmonary artery embolism with autologous blood clot were divided randomly into 3 groups(each with 8 dogs): intraarterial thrombolytic group(10 000 u/kg of UK infused in 30 min), intravenous thrombolytic group (20 000 u/kg of UK infused in 2 h) and control group (100 ml of saline infused in 2 h). The value of pulmonary arterial mean pressure (PAMP), blood gas analysis(PaO2 and PaCO2), coagulation index(PT and APTT)and D-dimer were tested at 2 h, 4 h after the thrombolytic procedure and pulmonary arterial angiography was repeated. Results Comparing the levels of PAMP, PaO2 and D-dimer, showed significant difference in the 3 groups(P < 0.05=at 2 h after thrombolysis but revealed no meaningful differance between the intraarterial and intravenous thrombolytic groups at 4 h. The post-thrombolytic pulmonary artery angiography indicated that intraarterial method obtained faster in thrombolysis and recovery of blood supply than the intravenous one. Conclusion Intraarterial thrombolysis needs less dose of UK, restores decreases the level of PAMP, elevates the level of PaO2 and blood supply restores more rapidly than the intravenous one.