静脉导管留置针临床感染致病菌及危险因素分析

目的了解我院静脉导管留置针相关感染（CRI）病原菌特点及危险因素，指导临床合理使用留置针。方法对我院部分科室送检的138倒导管培养标本的病原菌进行分析。结果在138例标本中，共分离出132株病原菌。其中革兰阳性菌86株、阴性菌12株及真菌12株。金黄色葡萄球菌、真菌、肠球菌和铜绿假单胞菌分别在导管留置针培养阳性样本中占15．9％、9．1％、6．82％、3．03％。CRI与导管留置针的留置时间、插管部位及细菌定植部位有相关性（P〈0．05）。结论CRI的主要病原菌以革兰阳性球菌为主。长时间放置导管、反复插管及插管的不同部位是导致CRI的潜在危险因素，预防重点是避免导管腔内外的污染。

Analyze catheter-related infections and its dangerous factors

Objective To explore the bacilli character of catheter-related infections and its dangerous factors, and offer reasonable data for clinical using of catheters. Methods To analyze the 138 catheter samples accepted from part of clinical departments. Results We obtained 132 pathogenic bacilli from the 138 catheter samples,including 86 gram-positive bacilli, 12 gram-negative bacilli and 12 fungus. Staphylococcus aureus, fungus, enterococcus species and pseudomonas aeruginosa were 15.9 %, 9.1%, 6.82 %, and 3. 03% respectively .Catheter-related infections were related to the time and position of the catheters placed and the position of bacilli located（ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The main bacilli of catheter-related infections were gram-positive bacilli. The potential dangerous factors of catheter-related infections were the time catheter placed, catheter placed repeatedly and the position catheter located. The precautions should be take were avoiding infections of inner and outer of the catheter.