肺移植中支气管动脉的应用解剖

目的：提供肺移植支气管动脉吻合术有关的参考资料。方法：于肺根处逆向解剖了２２具成人尸体的支气管动脉，观察其外径和行程规律。结果：左支气管动脉起于主动脉弓下缘→左支气管上缘，和／或起于胸主动脉前壁→左支气管下缘，外径均为１．７ｍｍ。右支气管动脉主要起于右侧肋间动脉→右支气管后壁，外径２．０ｍｍ，是右肺、支气管的主要营养动脉；其次起于主动脉弓下缘、胸主动脉前壁→右支气管下缘，也可以是合干支气管动脉（出现率约１／３）的右支。结论：支气管动脉与胸廓内动脉吻合是肺移植血供重建的术式，但对于“后壁”右支气管动脉，宜将其肋间后动脉主干与受体的相应动脉吻合

Applied anatomy of bronchial artery for lung transplantation

Objective:To provide the relative data of bronchial artery anastomosis during lung transplantation.Methods:The origin,course and caliber of the bronchial artery were studied on 22 adult cadaver specimens.Results:Left bronchial artery originated from inferior margin of aortic arches and/or the anterior wall of the thoracic aorta,the diameter was 1.7mm.Right bronchial artery was originated from the right intercostal arteries or the inferior margin of aortic arches or the anterior wall of thoracic aorta,the diameter was 2.0mm.As a main nutrition artery,it may be from a common trunk of bronchial artery (present in about 1/3 of the cases).Conclusions:Our study support the common operation on lung transplantation,which the bronchial artery revascularzation by internal thoracic artery.But as the right bronchial artery revascularzation by internal thoracic artery.But as the right bronchial artery which passed along the posterior wall of the bronchus,it is better to anastomosis its posterior intercostal artery trunk with the same artery of the receptor.