新兵基础训练军训伤预防的主导措施

目的　评价新兵基础训练期间军训伤的预防措施 .方法　以驻陕某部新兵 2个连为研究对象 ,随机决定一连为重点措施分队 ,重点措施为对 5 km跑予以一定限制 :开训后第一个月不安排 5 km跑 ,跑步距离逐渐增加 ,从第二个月起每周 5 km跑 3次以下 ,间日进行 ;二连为综合措施分队 ,综合措施包括 :1同重点措施 ;2培训班排骨干 ;3心理测试与心理疏导 ;4上卫生课 (3次 ) .结果　综合措施分队军训伤的累积发生率为 2 8.6 % ,明显高于重点措施分队 11.6 % ,P<0 .0 1,两组在正课军事训练科目和时数安排上相同 ,心理测试无明显差别 .综合措施分队与重点措施分队在落实限跑措施方面实际 5 km跑累计数 (145 km对 10 5 km)和每周 5 km跑超过 4次的周数 (4 wk对 1wk)均有较大差别 .结论　 5 km跑是致伤的主要因素 .预防军训伤的主导措施应是科学训练 ,加强训练组织与管理 ,其他措施只能做为辅助

Primary measure to prevent training injuries in recruits during basic training

AIM　To evaluate the preventive measures against training injuries in recruits during basic training. METHODS　Two companies of a certain army encamped in Shaanxi Province were selected as subjects, randomly categorized as emphatic measures group and comprehensive measures group. Emphatic measures were some extent of restriction for 5 km running, including no 5 km running during first month; gradual increase of running distance and less than 3 times of every-other-day 5 km running in each week since 2nd month. Comprehensive measures included: ① emphasis measure; ② training cadres at the basic level; ③ psychological test and dredge; ④ giving lesson in sanitary. RESULTS　Cumulative incidence of training injuries in comprehensive measures group was 28.6%, which was signifcantly higher than that of emphatic measure group 11.6% (P<0.01). The content, lasting, frequency of training courses were identical between two groups. No significant difference was observed between two groups in psychological test. The cumulative distance of 5 km running (145 km vs 105 km) and the number of weeks during which the frequency of 5 km running per week was more than 4 times (4 weeks vs 1 week), were signifcantly different between two groups.CONCLUSION　5 km running is the principal factor leading to training injuries. Therefore, scientific training, inforcement of training orgnization and administion are recommended. Other measures can only be regarded as assistant measures.