早产儿视网膜功能的全视野闪光视网膜电图检查

目的 观察早产儿视网膜功能变化特征。方法 对78例4～5个月婴儿在口服镇静 剂熟睡后进行全视野闪光视网膜电图（ERG)检查，测量各项反应的a波和b波的振幅和隐含期 ，以评价未成熟儿的视网膜功能。78例156只眼中，健康足月产儿33例66只眼，健康早产儿2 5例50只眼，早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）患儿20例40只眼。结果 所有足 月产儿和健康早产儿 都可以记录到明显的ERG波形。足月产儿的标准混合反应b波振幅为388.7 μV，健康早产儿 的标准混合反应b波振幅为336.7 μV，分别为正常成人混合反应b波振幅的64.4％和55.6 ％。ROP患儿中，20只眼记录不到波形，其余20只眼的标准混合反应b波振幅为183.8 μV，和足月产儿相比，隐含期也显著延迟。健康早产儿的ERG振幅较足月产儿 轻度降低， 差异有统计学意义。结论 出生后视网膜还处于不断成熟发育过程中， 健康足月产儿的ER G尚未达到正常成人的水平；早产儿视网膜发育程度较足月儿慢，不论是健康早产儿还是ROP 患儿，其ERG均不及健康足月产儿。因此ERG检查是评价早产儿视网膜功能的有效方法。

Examination of full-field flash electroretinogram for retinal function of patients with retinopathy of prematurity

Objective To observe the retinal function of infa nts with retinopat hy of prematurity (ROP). Methods A total of 78 infants (156 ey es) aged from 4-5 months underwent full-field flash electroretinogram (ERG) examination. The am p litude and implicit time of a-and b-wave of ERG were detected to evaluate the i nfants' retinal function. Seventy-eight infants (156 eyes) included 33 healthy a nd full-term infants (66 eyes), 25 healthy premature children (50 eyes), and 20 infants (40 eyes) with ROP. Results Obvious ERG waveforms were recorded in all the full term and healthy premature children. Amplitude of combined b-wave wa s 388.7 μV in full-term infants and 336.7 μV in healthy premature children, whi c h was 64.4% and 55.6% of that of the healthy adults respectively. In infants wit h ROP, ERG was nonrecordable in 20 eyes (50％); amplitude of combined b-wave was 183.8 μV in the other 20, whose implicit time delayed obviously compared with that of full term infants. The amplitude of ERG of healthy premature infants de c reased significantly compared with that of the full-term infants. Conclusions Retina keeps growing after birth. ERG of healthy full-term chi ldren is not as developed as those of adults. The progress of retinal maturation in infants with ROP is slower than that in the full-term infants. ERG examination is an effecti ve method in evaluating retinal function of infants with ROP.