密闭环境对脑功能影响及其治疗药物

长期密闭环境（如地震后掩埋、电梯故障被困等）可通过影响神经可塑性和神经递质来影响情绪，而不良情绪又会干扰和影响正常认知。药物可干预焦虑、抑郁等密闭环境引发的情绪问题、增强认知，对抗密闭环境对脑功能的影响。在有效药物筛选过程中，需首先建立密闭环境脑功能障碍动物模型，采用Morris水迷宫、Barnes迷宫等来评价认知、学习记忆能力和情绪。其中藏红花、薰衣草、西番莲、镁离子等显示出抗焦虑、抗抑郁的优良效果；哌醋甲酯及其类似物、吡拉西坦、贯叶连翘、丹参等能增强认知的药物可用于对抗密闭环境所致的注意力不集中、记忆力衰退等认知障碍，适用于密闭环境所致的轻症情绪问题。阐明密闭环境作用机制、寻找更多有效药物可为长期密闭环境导致脑功能下降提供更有效的解决方案。

Effect of the insulated environment on brain function and its therapeutical drugs

The long-term insulated environment (such as burial after earthquakes, trapped elevators, etc.) can affect emotion by affecting neural plasticity and neurotransmitters, while the bad emotions can further affect normal cognition. Drugs can intervene the emotional problems induced by the insulated environment, such as anxiety and depression, and enhance cognitive ability, the negative influence on brain function induced by the insulated environment can be prevented or alleviated. First, the animal model of brain dysfunction in the insulated environment should be established. The cognitive, learning and memory ability can be evaluated by Morris water maze, Barnes maze, etc. The therapeutic drugs mainly include anti-depression/antianxiety drugs and cognition-improving drugs. Saffron, lavender, passion flower and magnesium ion, have shown good anti-anxiety and anti-depression effects and are suitable for the treatment of emotional problems caused by the insulated environment. Methylphenidate and its analogues, piracetam, hypericum perforatum, and salvia officinalis that can enhance cognition can also be used to prevent and treat cognitive disorders such as inattention and memory decline caused by the insulated environment. Elucidating the mechanism of closed environment and finding more effective drugs can provide a more effective solution to the decline of brain function caused by long-term closed environment..