颈动脉超声对脑梗死的筛查及应用价值分析

目的 探讨颈动脉超声在脑梗死筛查中的应用价值。方法 选取2019年3月1日-2021年3月1日于我院行颈动脉超声检查的110例脑梗死患者纳入脑梗死组，另选取同期90例健康体检者纳入健康体检组，均行颈动脉超声检查，比较两组颈动脉内膜中层厚度（IMT）、检出的斑块总数、斑块回声情况、软硬斑块及溃疡斑块的情况。结果 脑梗死组IMT为（2.11±0.19）mm，高于健康体检组的（0.86±0.14）mm，差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）；脑梗死组多发斑块检出率高于健康体检者，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；脑梗死组低回声或混合性回声斑块比率高于健康体检组，高回声斑块比率低于健康体检者，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；脑梗死组硬化斑块、溃疡斑块比例均高于健康体检组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 颈动脉超声可作为脑梗死筛查的有效方法，通过检查颈动脉内膜斑块比率、斑块回声情况及斑块性质对脑梗死进行筛查，有利于为后续治疗方案的制定与实施提供准确可靠的参考依据。

Screening and Application value of Carotid Ultrasound in Cerebral Infraction

Objective To investigate the value of carotid ultrasound in screening cerebral infraction. Methods A total of 110 patients with cerebral infarction who underwent carotid ultrasonography in our hospital from March 1, 2019 to March 1, 2021 were enrolled in the cerebral infarction group, and 90 healthy subjects were enrolled in the healthy physical examination group. Carotid ultrasonography was performed to compare the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), the total number of detected plaques, plaque echo, soft and hard plaques, and ulcerated plaques between the two groups. Results The IMT of the cerebral infarction group was (2.11±0.19) mm, which was higher than that of the healthy physical examination group (0.86±0.14) mm, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The detection rate of multiple plaques in the cerebral infarction group was higher than that in the healthy subjects, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The ratio of low echo or mixed echo plaque in the cerebral infarction group was higher than that in the healthy physical examination group, and the ratio of high echo plaque was lower than that in the healthy physical examination group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The proportion of atherosclerotic plaques and ulcer plaques in the cerebral infarction group was higher than that in the healthy physical examination group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Carotid ultrasound can be used as an effective method for screening cerebral infarction. Screening for cerebral infarction by examining carotid intima plaque ratio, plaque echo and plaque properties is conducive to providing accurate and reliable reference for the formulation and implementation of subsequent treatment plans.