肝细胞移植的研究进展

肝脏是维持人体代谢和解毒等功能的重要器官。当出现急慢性肝衰竭或基因缺陷,肝功能受损无法满足机体所需时,肝移植常作为治疗首选。然而,由于肝源短缺等问题,人们开始发展与肝细胞移植相关的治疗方法。迄今为止,在多种动物模型中证实了肝细胞移植的可行性,并且各种类型自体细胞进行细胞移植的临床试验已经开始实践,用于促进肝再生或减少肝脏纤维化。在本文中,我们重点回顾了肝细胞移植的基本概念,细胞疗法的主要临床适应症,移植细胞的来源选择,以及肝细胞移植的技术改进。以期推进肝细胞移植相关探究,提高移植细胞的产量和质量,使肝细胞移植在临床广泛取得治疗益处,为供体器官短缺提供切实可行的解决策略。

Current research status of hepatocyte transplantation

The liver is an important organ that is essential to maintain the metabolic homeostasis and detoxification function within the body. Orthotropic liver transplantation (OLT) is recognized as the first therapeutic option for patients with end-stage liver disease or liver failure. Hepatocyte transplantation, however, gradually emerged as a possible strategy to overcome the limitations of OLT, especially the availability of organ donors. To date, the feasibility and therapeutic benefit of hepatocyte transplantation have been confirmed in various animal models, and clinical observations have demonstrated encouraging results in promoting liver regeneration or reducing liver fibrosis by autologous cell transplantation. In this review, we summarized the definition and the main clinical indications of hepatocyte transplantation, and focused on obstacles and breakthroughs in new cell sources and transplantation technique. We expect our review could boost related research in this field, such as developing new sources of cell with high quality and quantity, making wider application in clinic, and providing fundamental solutions for the shortage of donor organs.