耐碳青霉烯鲍曼不动杆菌医院内播散和感染患者预后分析

目的:分析2007年1月至2008年3月北京大学第三医院临床分离的耐碳青霉烯鲍曼不动杆菌的同源性,调查其定植或感染的危险因素,评价该菌所致医疗相关性感染的抗菌药物治疗。方法:通过复习病历收集耐碳青霉烯鲍曼不动杆菌定植或感染患者的临床资料。菌株的药敏试验采用纸片法,通过脉冲场凝胶电泳分析菌株的同源性。结果:研究期间共分离到49株耐碳青霉烯鲍曼不动杆菌菌株,其脉冲场凝胶电泳分型为7型,共45株(91.8%)具有同源性。分离到菌株前患者最常见的暴露因素为住ICU、侵入性操作和低白蛋白血症,最常见的合并症是慢性阻塞性肺疾病(12例)和脑血管病(10例)。在这49株菌中,定植者28株,导致感染者21株,感染患者的死亡率为38.1%。Logistic回归分析发现APACHEⅡ评分是导致死亡的独立危险因素(P=0.02,OR=1.7,95%CI1.1~2.5)。抗菌药物联合治疗的成功率高于单药治疗(11/13例,84.6%vs.3/17例,17.6%),尤其是头孢哌酮/舒巴坦联合左氧氟沙星联合治疗。结论:我院自2007年出现了耐碳青霉烯鲍曼不动杆菌菌株的院内播散,导致播散的危险因素为住ICU、侵入性操作、低白蛋白血症、慢性阻塞性肺疾病和脑血管病,对耐碳青霉烯鲍曼不动杆菌感染,抗菌药物联合治疗可能优于单药治疗。

Intrahospital dissemination of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and analysis of the infected patients' prognosis

Objective:To assess the genetic relationship of clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant A.baumannii(resistant to both imipenem and meropenem) from January 2007 to March 2008 in Peking University Third Hospital for measures to decrease the isolates;to investigate the characteristics of patients with carbapenem-resistant A.baumannii colonization or infection and to evaluate antibiotic treatment for health care-associated infections caused by carbapenem-resistant A.baumannii.Methods: The medical records of p...