氯化铬和重铬酸钾毒性的比较研究

目的： 比较氯化铬和重铬酸钾两种价态铬化合物的细胞毒性、致突变性及急性毒性。 方法： CHL细胞采用MTT比色法，沙门氏菌诱变性试验和小鼠急性毒性试验。 结果： 经MTT比色法测定，氯化铬和重铬酸钾对CHL细胞半数抑制剂量(IC 50)分别为33.80 mmol / L和8.02 μ mol / L，对小鼠口服急性毒性LD 50分别为2 143.3 和171.0 mg / kg，表明重铬酸钾的细胞毒性和急性毒性均明显大于氯化铬，重铬酸钾诱发沙门氏菌回变菌落数比阴性对照增加2倍以上而氯化铬无明显增加。 结论： 重铬酸钾的细胞毒性和急性毒性均大于氯化铬，重铬酸钾对沙门氏菌具有致突变性，而氯化铬无致突变性。

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON TOXICITIES OF POTASSIUM DICHROMATE AND CHROMIUM CHLORIDE

Purpose:To compare the cycotoxixity,mutagenncity and mouse acute toxicity between Chromium chloride and Potassium dichromate. Methods: MTT method for determition of CHL Cell IC 50, Salmonella mutagenicity test, and mouse acute toxicity test were used. Results: The CHL cell IC 50 of chromium chloride and potassium dichromate were 33.80 mmol / L and 8.02 μmol / L,respectively; the LD 50 of chromium chloride and potassium dichromate in mouse acute toxicity test were 2 143.3 and 171.0 mg / kg,respectively. Potassium dichromate meet the positive respond standards of Salmonella mutagenicity test whereas chromium chloride showed a negative results. Conclusion: Both the cytotoxicity and mouse acute toxicity of potassium dichromate was larger than chromium chloride. Potassium dichromate was mutagennic to Salomamella strains,but chromium chloride was not.