Effect of biventricular pacing therapy in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy with severe congestive heart failure

Objectives: Biventricular pacing (BVP) therapy has recently emerged as an effective treatment for patients with moderate to severe congestive heart failure (CHF) and ventricular asynchrony all over the world. However, this therapy is not yet available in Japan. We evaluated the effects of BVP in patients with severe CHF due to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Subjects: Four patients with medically refractory severe CHF due to DCM in New York Heart Association functional class III or IV heart failure underwent BVP therapy. We combined the implantation of the left ventricular (LV) epicardial lead via small thoracotomy following right atrial and ventricular intravenous leads under general anesthesia. We evaluated to determine whether improvements of ventricular function, ventricular size, mitral regurgitation, functional status, frequency of hospitalization, and quality of life were associated with BVP therapy. Results: BVP improved LV systolic function, decreased LV size and mitral regurgitation, and shortened prolonged QRS interval. The patients’ symptoms, exercise tolerance, frequency of hospitalization, and quality of life were also dramatically improved by BVP. Furthermore, combination of BVP and oral administration of amiodarone significantly prevented recurrence of ventricular tachycardia and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, and maintained sinus rhythm for a long period. Conclusions: In view of these findings, BVP therapy may contribute to the development of new therapeutic method for patients with severe CHF due to DCM.