终末期肾病42例死亡原因分析

目的分析终末期肾病患者死亡原因并讨论对策。方法回顾性分析2008年1月~2011年10月我院终末期肾病（尿毒症）患者97例的临床资料。结果死亡42例，存活55例，死亡原因依次为心脏血管18例（42．9％）、感染8例（19．0％）、肿瘤7例（16．7％）、脑血管6例（14．3％）、消化道出血3例（7．1％）。死亡主要病因为糖尿病，相关临床指标比较两组的年龄、透龄、开始透析年龄及尿素氮、血浆白蛋白、血钙、贫血有差异。结论终末期肾病患者心血管疾病是主要的死亡原因，重视血液透析充分性、纠正贫血、加强营养支持治疗是减少心血管并发症的重要手段。

Death causes of renal failure:clinical analysis of 42 cases

Objective To analyze the causes of death in patients with chronic renal failure in order to explore the countermeasures.Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical materials for 97 patients with chronic renal failure from January 2008 to October 2011.Results The total number of deaths was 42 cases and the survival was 55 cases;The causes of death in turn were heart failure 18 cases(42.9%),infection 8 cases(19.0%),cancer 7 cases(16.7%),cerebral diseases 6 cases(14.3%),gastrointestinal bleeding 3 cases(7.1%).Diabetes was the main cause of the primary affection in the deceased group.There were differences on the related clinical indicators including age,the age of starting hemodialysis,the duration of hemodialysis,the levels of urea nitrogen,serum albumin,nematin,calcium between two groups.Conclusion Cardiovascular diseases were the leading causes of death in patients with chronic renal failure.Attaching importance to plenitude of hemodialysis and improving the anemia and main-nutrition were the significant management of prevention of cardiovascular complications.