永久性结肠造口患者生存质量的调查分析

目的描述直肠癌永久性结肠造口患者术后6个月内生存质量状况及其变化。方法采用欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织的生存质量核心问卷和直结肠癌专用问卷,对49例结肠造口患者进行追踪调查,分别在术后1个月、3个月、6个月时收集患者生存质量资料。结果3次调查均参加的患者有33例。直肠癌结肠造口患者总的生存质量及功能量表中生理功能、角色功能、认知功能、情感功能和社会功能等与术后1个月时的状况相比,在术后3个月时有了明显改善,术后3个月到6个月期间变化不明显。在术后6个月内直肠癌结肠造口患者的疲乏、疼痛、呼吸困难、睡眠紊乱、食欲减退等症状逐渐加重;而泌尿症状、胃肠道症状、与造口有关的问题、体重下降、化疗不良反应在术后6个月内症状逐渐减轻。结论结肠造口患者的生存质量是动态变化的,护理工作者应该根据患者的实际情况给予有针对性的指导和帮助。

Survey of patients'''' quality of life with permanent colostomy

Objective To describe the quality of life of rectal neoplasms patients with permanent colostomy, and to find the changes of quality of life within six months after operation. Methods 49 patients were investigted by two questionnaire: European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30 (QLQ-C30) and Colorectal Cancer-specific Quality of Life Questionnaire Module (QLQ-CR38) at first month, third month and sixth month postoperatively. Results 33 patients completed the three time points follow-up. Patient's quality of life such as physical function, role function, recognization function, emotion function and social function of funtional scales changed greatly at the third month after operation, but changed little from the third to the sixth month. Symptoms such as pain, dyspnoea, insomnia and appetite lose deteriorated along with the time. But fatigue, micturition problems, gastrointestinal tract problems, stoma-related problems, weight loss and side effects of chemotherapy improved along with the time. Conclusion Quality of life after operation was dynamic, nurses should supply personal nursing to improve patient's quality of life.