PM2.5不同成分致冠状动脉粥样硬化大鼠炎症作用的探讨

目的]探讨大气细颗粒物（PM2.5）标准品的水溶性及酸溶性成分对冠状动脉粥样硬化大鼠的致炎作用。方法]48只Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组和冠状动脉粥样硬化模型组（模型组）,每组各24只。对照组饲喂正常饲料,模型组饲喂高胆固醇饲料,12周后冠脉病理切片示模型成功建立。提取PM2.5的水溶性成分（WSC）及酸溶性成分（ASC）。将对照组和模型组再各自随机分为3组,分别为正常对照组、WSC对照组、ASC对照组;以及模型对照组、WSC模型组、ASC模型组,每组8只。WSC对照组和WSC模型组（均称WSC组）尾静脉注射WSC（40mg/kg）染毒,ASC对照组和ASC模型组（均称ASC组）尾静脉注射ASC（40mg/kg）染毒,而正常对照组和模型对照组（均称空白组）则以尾静脉注射生理盐水。染毒24h后处死大鼠,测定血清中的白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的含量及心肌中的核转录因子-κB（NF-κB）活性。结果]WSC组血清TNF-α水平为（2.83±0.97）ng/mL,高于空白组（2.53±0.76）ng/mL;心肌NF-κB活性为（14.56±10.58）%,高于空白组（7.33±3.97）%。ASC组心肌NF-κB活性为（18.80±17.04）﹪,也高于空白组。冠状动脉粥样硬化模型在升高IL-6、激活心肌NF-κB方面,与WSC、ASC分别存在协同作用。结论]WSC具有升高TNF-α水平、激活心肌NF-κB活性的作用;ASC也具有激活心肌NF-κB活性的作用。冠状动脉粥样硬化模型还与WSC、ASC染毒具有交互作用,主要表现在升高IL-6水平,激活心肌NF-κB活性的作用上,表明PM2.5水溶性成分及酸溶性成分均可致冠状动脉粥样硬化大鼠的炎症作用。

A Study on Inflammation Induced by Different Components of PM2.5 in Coronary Atherosclerosis in Rats

Objective] To understand inflammation induced by the water-soluble and acid-soluble components of PM2.5 in rats having coronary atherosclerosis.Methods] Total of 48 Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and coronary atherosclerotic model group（model group）（n = 24）.The control group was fed normal diet,and the model group was fed high-cholesterol diet.12 weeks later,coronary atherosclerosis in model group was confirmed pathological biopsy.The water-soluble components（WSC）and acid-soluble components（ASC）of PM2.5 were extracted.The control group and model group were further divided into 3 groups respectively.They were the normal control group,WSC control group,ASC control group,model control group,WSC model group,and ASC model group（n = 8 each group）.WSC control group and WSC model group（collectively called WSC group）were injected with WSC（40 mg/kg）;ASC control group and ASC model group（collectively called ASC group）were injected with ASC（40 mg/kg）;the normal control group and model control group（collectively called blank group）were injected with normal saline（NS）.The rats were killed after 24 h of exposure.IL-6/TNF-α in serum and NF-κB in myocardial were measured.Results] The TNF-α in WSC group（2.83±0.97）ng/mL was higher than the blank group（2.53±0.76）ng/mL;the myocardial NF-κB activation level in WSC group（14.56±10.58）% was higher than the blank group（7.33±3.97）%.The myocardial NF-κB activation in the ASC group（18.80±17.04）% was higher than the blank group（7.33±3.97）%.Model of coronary atherosclerosis showed a synergistic effect on the WSC and ASC in increasing IL-6 and activating of myocardial NF-κB.Conclusion] WSC may increase TNF-α,and activate myocardial NF-κB;ASC may activate myocardial NF-κB.Coronary atherosclerosis model suggested an interaction among WSC and ASC in increasing IL-6 and activating NF-κB.The acid-soluble and water-soluble components of PM2.5 could contribute to the inflammation in coronary atherosclerosis in rats.