小儿脑瘫危险因素的1∶2配比病例对照研究

目的：探讨儿童脑瘫的可能致病因素。方法：1998年10月至11月在浙江省15个市县66个乡镇，进行了1－6岁小儿脑瘫的现况调查暨病例对照调查。调查儿童总人数为62949人，确诊脑瘫92例。根据1：2配比原则，以同时、同居民区（或邻村、邻居民区）、同性别、同岁为每1个病例选择2名正常儿童，进行病例对照研究。结果：小儿脑瘫发病有统计学意义的危险因素依次为：新生儿期疾病史；母亲过去疾病史；低出生体重；母亲月经周期不规则、孕期接触有害物质、孕期营养差；父亲年龄偏大。围产期保健作为保护因素有显著性意义。结论：积极预防和消除脑瘫发病的各种致病可疑危险因素，可望降低脑瘫的发生率。

A case-control study of risk factors for childhood cerebral palsy

Objective: To identify possible risk factors for cerebral palsy(CP) in children. Methods: A Population based survey was conducted (including 92 CP cases) in 66 townships of 15 cities of Zhejiang Province from October to November,1998. 184 of matched controls were selected for comparison. Results: Factors identified which were statistically significant for risk of subsequent childhood Cerebral Palsy included some neonatal diseases,some maternal diseases, low birth weight(<2500 g), maternal irregular menstruation, toxic substances during pregnancy, malnutrition during pregnancy, and paternal age. Conclusion: Several risk factors for Cerebral Palsy were identified .Their prevention may result in reduction of the incidence of Cerebral Palsy.